Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32235885›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Surface-based analysis increases the specificity of cortical activation patterns and connectivity results.

Stefan Brodoehl, Christian Gaser, Robert Dahnke, Otto W Witte, Carsten M Klingner

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Atypical Development of Functional Brain Networks in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
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  14. Nonlinear kernel-based fMRI activation detection.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2025
    Article
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  19. Surface-based Analyses of Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Relationship with Onset Subtypes.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Stefan BrodoehlHans Berger Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany. stefan.brodoehl@med.uni-jena.de.
Christian GaserHans Berger Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Robert DahnkeHans Berger Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Otto W WitteHans Berger Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Carsten M KlingnerHans Berger Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spatial smoothing of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data can be performed on volumetric images and on the extracted surface of the brain. Smoothing on the unfolded cortex should theoretically improve the ability to separate signals between brain areas that are near together in the folded cortex but are more distant in the unfolded cortex. However, surface-based method approaches (SBA) are currently not utilized as standard procedure in the preprocessing of neuroimaging data. Recent improvements in the quality of cortical surface modeling and improvements in its usability nevertheless advocate this method. In the current study, we evaluated the benefits of an up-to-date surface-based smoothing in comparison to volume-based smoothing. We focused on the effect of signal contamination between different functional systems using the primary motor and primary somatosensory cortex as an example. We were particularly interested in how this signal contamination influences the results of activity and connectivity analyses for these brain regions. We addressed this question by performing fMRI on 19 subjects during a tactile stimulation paradigm and by using simulated BOLD responses. We demonstrated that volume-based smoothing causes contamination of the primary motor cortex by somatosensory cortical responses, leading to false positive motor activation. These false positive motor activations were not found by using surface-based smoothing for reasonable kernel sizes. Accordingly, volume-based smoothing caused an exaggeration of connectivity estimates between these regions. In conclusion, this study showed that surface-based smoothing decreases signal contamination considerably between neighboring functional brain regions and improves the validity of activity and connectivity results.

Indexed as

AdultBrainBrain MappingFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNerve NetSensitivity and SpecificityYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID32235885
PMCPMC7109138

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.