ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2020
Unmet Need for Family Planning and Experience of Unintended Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers in Urban Cameroon: Results From a National Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Global health, science and practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of pregnancy intention on completion of maternity continuum of care in Sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- "Do not leave me behind and do not put me in your box": family-planning access and care needs among women with migration histories in Berlin, Germany-a mixed-methods study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Health inequities faced by sex workers.The Lancet. Public health · 2026Review
- Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers (FSW) in Jashore, Bangladesh.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence of pregnancy, unintended pregnancy, poor pregnancy outcome and its associated factors among female sex workers in Cameroon.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Contraceptive experience and factors associated with desire for postpartum family planning among pregnant women of the nkongsamba health district, Littoral Region, Cameroon.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Emergency Contraceptives Use Among Female Commercial Sex Workers in Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study.The East African health research journal · 2025Article
- Gynecological health care services utilization and violence among female sex workers in Togo in 2021.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- The prevalence and correlates of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers in South China: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Contextual determinants of multiple sexual partnerships amongst young people in South Africa: a multilevel analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The Urban Environment and Disparities in Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes in the Global South: a Scoping Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Contraceptive decision-making through the lens of social determinants of health among female sex workers: A qualitative descriptive study.Journal of advanced nursing · 2023Article
- Longitudinal study of pregnancy intention and its association with pregnancy occurrence among female sex workers in Benin and Mali.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- Causes of mortality among female sex workers: Results of a multi-country study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Factors associated with the uptake of long-acting reversible contraception among female sex workers in post-conflict Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Values and preferences of contraceptive methods: a mixed-methods study among sex workers from diverse settings.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2021Article
- Unmet Need for Contraception Among Female Sex Workers Initiating Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention During Kenya's National Scale-Up: Results From a Programmatic Surveillance Study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Article
- Dual Contraceptive Utilization and Associated Factors Among Reproductive-Age Women on Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Hospitals in Central Ethiopia.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- "I did not plan to have a baby. This is the outcome of our work": a qualitative study exploring unintended pregnancy among female sex workers.BMC women's health · 2020Article
- Characterizing the role of intersecting stigmas and sustained inequities in driving HIV syndemics across low-to-middle-income settings.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFemale sex workers (FSWs) in Cameroon commonly have unmet need for contraception posing a high risk of unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy leads to a range of outcomes, and due to legal restrictions, FSWs often seek unsafe abortions. Aside from the high burden of HIV, little is known about the broader sexual and reproductive health of FSWs in Cameroon.
methodsFrom December 2015 to October 2016, we recruited FSWs aged ≥18 years through respondent-driven sampling across 5 Cameroonian cities. Cross-sectional data were collected through a behavioral questionnaire. Modified-robust Poisson regression was used to approximate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for TOP and current use of effective nonbarrier contraception.
resultsAmong 2,255 FSWs (median age 28 years), 57.6% reported history of unintended pregnancy and 40.0% reported prior TOP. In multivariable analysis, TOP history was associated with current nonbarrier contraceptive use (aPR=1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.07, 1.42); ever using emergency contraception (aPR=1.34, 95% CI=1.17, 1.55); >60 clients in the past month (aPR=1.29, 95% CI= 1.07, 1.54) compared to ≤30; inconsistent condom use with clients (aPR=1.17, 95% CI=1.00, 1.37); ever experiencing physical violence (aPR=1.24, 95% CI=1.09, 1.42); and older age. Most (76.5%) women used male condoms for contraception, but only 33.2% reported consistent condom use with all partners. Overall, 26.4% of women reported currently using a nonbarrier contraceptive method, and 6.2% reported using a long-acting method. Previous TOP (aPR=1.41, 95%CI=1.16, 1.72) and ever using emergency contraception (aPR=2.70, 95% CI=2.23, 3.26) were associated with higher nonbarrier contraceptive use. Recent receipt of HIV information (aPR=0.72, 95% CI=0.59, 0.89) and membership in an FSW community-based organization (aPR=0.73, 95% CI=0.57, 0.92) were associated with lower use nonbarrier contraceptive use.
conclusionsExperience of unintended pregnancies and TOP is common among FSWs in Cameroon. Given the low use of nonbarrier contraceptive methods and inconsistent condom use, FSWs are at risk of repeat unintended pregnancies. Improved integration of client-centered, voluntary family planning within community-led HIV services may better support the sexual and reproductive health and human rights of FSWs consistent with the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights.
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