ArticleCancer science2020
Pemetrexed sensitizes human lung cancer cells to cytotoxic immune cells.
Article in Cancer science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancing the understanding of the role of apoptosis in lung cancer immunotherapy: Global research trends, key themes, and emerging frontiers.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Assessment of antipsoriatic potential of novel pemetrexed disodium-loaded transdermal patches in an imiquimod-induced mouse model.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Case Report: Abscopal effect and long-term survival in a PD-L1 negative NSCLC patient treated with radiotherapy and immuno-chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment.Medical molecular morphology · 2024Article
- MiR-320a upregulation contributes to the effectiveness of pemetrexed by inhibiting the growth and invasion of human lung cancer cell line (Calu-6).Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Metronomic chemotherapy in cancer treatment: new wine in an old bottle.Theranostics · 2024Review
- Pemetrexed combined with dual immune checkpoint blockade enhances cytotoxic T lymphocytes against lung cancer.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Metronomic Chemotherapy: Anti-Tumor Pathways and Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancers · 2023Review
- Review
- Metabolomics in oncology.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Protective roles of cytoplasmic p21Cell proliferation · 2022Article
- Review
- Comparison of Tumor Microenvironments Between Primary Tumors and Brain Metastases in Patients With NSCLC.JTO clinical and research reports · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Cells Supporting Enhanced Growth and Proliferation.Cells · 2021Review
- Predictors of survival among Japanese patients receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Thoracic cancer · 2021Article
- Senescence in the Development and Response to Cancer with Immunotherapy: A Double-Edged Sword.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Pemetrexed sensitizes human lung cancer cells to cytotoxic immune cells.Cancer science · 2020Article
- Effect of Chemotherapeutics on In Vitro Immune Checkpoint Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Technology in cancer research & treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pemetrexed (PEM) is a useful drug that can be combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy for treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its effects on anti-cancer immunity, especially the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cytotoxic immune cells, have not been fully investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of PEM on the sensitivity of human NSCLC cells to two different types of cytotoxic immune cells. Pre-treatment with PEM increased the sensitivity of two NSCLC cell lines, PC9 and A549, to activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, including XIAP and Mcl-1. In addition, PEM treatment increased the cell surface expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on PC9 cells. PEM-induced upregulation of PD-L1 on PC9 cells was at least partially ascribed to activation of ERK and the NFκB pathway. In contrast, PEM treatment increased the expression of UL16-binding proteins (ULBP), ligands for the NKG2D NK receptor, on PC9 and A549 cells, as well as the induction of senescence. Although the addition of anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody showed no effect on the sensitivity of PEM-treated PC9 and A549 cells to activated T cells, that of anti-NKG2D antibody decreased the enhanced sensitivity of PEM-treated A549 cells to NK cells. These results indicate that PEM can effectively sensitize human NSCLC cells to cytotoxic immune cells while modulating the expression of immune-regulatory molecules.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.