ArticleNutrients2020
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas.
Article in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Automated, targeted, NMR spectral profiling of human breast milk.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- NMR-Based Metabolomic Profiling Highlights Functional Nutritional Gaps Between Human Milk, Infant Formulas, and Animal Milks.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Propionyl Carnitine Metabolic Profile: Optimizing the Newborn Screening Strategy Through Customized Cut-Offs.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Comparison of human breast milk vs commercial formula-induced early trophic enteral nutrition during postoperative prolonged starvation in an animal model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparing human milk macronutrients measured using analyzers based on mid-infrared spectroscopy and ultrasound and the application of machine learning in data fitting.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Dynamic Changes in the Human Milk Metabolome Over 25 Weeks of Lactation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Goat Milk Foodomics. Dietary Supplementation of Sunflower Oil and Rapeseed Oil Modify Milk Amino Acid and Organic Acid Profiles in Dairy Goats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- The Metabolomic Analysis of Human Milk Offers Unique Insights into Potential Child Health Benefits.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Commercial formula milk (FM) constitutes the best alternative to fulfill the nutritional requirements of infants when breastfeeding is precluded. Here, we present the comparative study of polar metabolite composition of human breast milk (HBM) and seven different brands of FM by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results of the multivariate data analysis exposed qualitative and quantitative differences between HBM and FM composition as well as within FM of various brands and in HBM itself (between individual mothers and lactation period). Several metabolites were found exclusively in HBM and FM. Statistically significant higher levels of isoleucine and methionine in their free form were detected in FM samples based on caprine milk, while FM samples based on bovine milk showed a higher level of glucose and galactose in comparison to HBM. The results suggest that the amelioration of FM formulation is imperative to better mimic the composition of minor nutrients in HBM.
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Registered trials
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