ArticleBMC ophthalmology2020
The association of dry eye syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding and reconstructing disease relations between dry eye and depression: a multimodal investigation comprising meta-analysis, genetic pathways and Mendelian randomization.Journal of advanced research · 2025Pooled it
- Shared genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders and ocular diseases: Evidence from genome-wide analyses.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Dry Eye Disease and Psychiatric Disorders: Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Associations Between Dry Eye Disease and Mental Health Conditions in the All of Us Research Program.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Identification of Plasma Biomarkers in Untreated Schizophrenia Patients Using Untargeted Lipid Metabolomics.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Association between statin use and dry eye disease in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population-based retrospective cohort study.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- An Investigation of the Psychosocial Outcomes of Dry Eye Disease Treatment in Children with Computer Vision Syndrome.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Predicting Risks of Dry Eye Disease Development Using a Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score Model.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- The Influence of Tear Film Quality on Visual Function.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association Between Dry Eye Disease with Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Sciences Students in Qassim Region: Cortisol Levels in Tears as a Stress Biomarker.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Comparison of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors vs Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Incidence of Dry Eye Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Dry Eye Disease in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Problematic Internet Use Associated with Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease in Medical Students from Peru.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- "All that glitters is not gold": sialomegaly, xerostomia, and dry eye is not always Sjögren's syndrome.Reumatologia · 2021Article
- Presbyopia developed earlier during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2021Article
- Effect of acupuncture versus artificial tears for dry eye disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan.
methodsThis population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. Patients with both PD and DES served as the DES cohort, and PD patients without DES comprised the non-DES cohort. PD was defined as a diagnosis of PD (ICD-9-CM 290-319) made by psychiatrists only, with at least three consecutive outpatient visits or at least one inpatient visit. DES was defined as a diagnosis of DES (ICD-9-CM 375.15) and a prescription for an eye lubricant (anatomical therapeutic chemical code, ATC code: S01XA). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors.
resultsA total of 75,650 patients with PD (3665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis. The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%), compared the non-DES group (57.8%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation anti-psychotics (OR = 1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2nd generation anti-psychotics (OR = 0.64).
conclusionThe study demonstrated that among PD patients, DES is highly prevalence in certain subtypes of PD, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.
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