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ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2020

Development of a patient-reported experience questionnaire for patients with sarcoma: the Sarcoma Assessment Measure (SAM).

Ana Martins, Lindsey Bennister, Lorna A Fern, Craig Gerrand, Maria Onasanya, Lesley Storey, Mary Wells, Jeremy S Whelan, Rachael Windsor, Julie Woodford and 1 more

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Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Twenty-five years of experience with patient-reported outcome measures in soft-tissue sarcoma patients: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Understanding data visualization techniques in qualitative studies used to develop and validate patient-reported outcome measures: a targeted literature review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
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  16. The complexity of assessing health-related quality of life among sarcoma patients.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ana MartinsCancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-4959
Lindsey BennisterPatient Representative, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-9895
Lorna A FernCancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4821-8466
Craig GerrandLondon Sarcoma Service, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-4507
Maria OnasanyaPatient Representative, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-519X
Lesley StoreyDepartment of Psychology, Birmingham City University, Curzon Building, Birmingham, B4 7BD, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-2665
Mary WellsNursing Directorate, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, W6 8RF, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-2773
Jeremy S WhelanCancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6793-5722
Rachael WindsorCancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-0811
Julie WoodfordLondon Sarcoma Service, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4774-8238
Rachel M TaylorCancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, UK. rtaylor13@nhs.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-0925

Funding

Sarcoma UK SUK102.2016LG
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe aim of the study was to develop a patient-reported outcome measure for patients with sarcoma-the Sarcoma Assessment Measure (SAM). METHODS AND

resultsThe systematic development of SAM included a three-stage, mixed-methods study using semi-structured interviews, focus groups and questionnaires, with all stages involving patients from across the United Kingdom. In-depth interviews were conducted with 121 patients (50% male; aged 13-82; with soft tissue sarcoma (62%), bone tumours (28%) and gastrointestinal stromal tumours (10%)). Content analysis of the interview transcripts identified 1415 post-diagnosis experience statements. Experience statements were reviewed, repetition was removed and sentences were refined to form 395 'items' which were included in an Item Reduction Questionnaire (IRQ) grouped as physical, emotional, social and financial wellbeing and sexuality. The IRQ was completed by 250 patients who rated each item on importance and worry. Items with a mean score above 5 (6 in the emotional domain) were removed, which reduced the list to 166 items. After review by the research team, 23 clinicians and 34 patients, 66 items were retained to test content validity. Items with a content validity ratio of < .33 were removed. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 10 patients on the final 22 items to test comprehension. Minor changes were made to four.

conclusionSAM comprises of 22 items reflecting physical, emotional, social, financial wellbeing and sexuality. This systematic process of using patient experience to develop the content of SAM will ensure that it measures what is important to patients.

Indexed as

Patient Reported Outcome MeasuresAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeSarcomaSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultCancerExperienceOutcomeSarcoma

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.