ArticlePreventive medicine reports2020
Maternal tobacco use: A third-trimester risk factor for small-for-gestational-age pregnancy outcome.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Joint Associations of Maternal Smoking and Pre-Pregnancy BMI with Term Low Birthweight and Small-for-Gestational-Age Births: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2024 United States Birth Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Nicotine in e-cigarette aerosol reduces GABA neuron migration via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Menthol, a consumer product additive, adversely affects human embryonic stem cells via activation of TRPM8 and TRPA1 channels.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- Cannabis and Nicotine Substance Use Coercion During the Perinatal Period.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Demographic Characteristics, Perinatal Smoking Patterns, and Risk for Neonatal Health Complications Among Pregnant Smokers in the United States Who Begin Using Electronic Cigarettes During Pregnancy: A Descriptive Study Using Population-Based Surveillance Data.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Prenatal tobacco exposure associations with physical health and neurodevelopment in the ABCD cohort.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2023Article
- Associations between Smoking and Smoking Cessation during Pregnancy and Newborn Metabolite Concentrations: Findings from PRAMS and INSPIRE Birth Cohorts.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Article
- Active or passive maternal smoking increases the risk of low birth weight or preterm delivery: Benefits of cessation and tobacco control policies.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Review
- Fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, and preterm birth: Effects of active or passive smoking evaluated by maternal expired CO at delivery, impacts of cessation at different trimesters.Tobacco induced diseases · 2022Article
- Smoking and Smoking Cessation in the Risk for Fetal Growth Restriction and Low Birth Weight and Additive Effect of Maternal Obesity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Development and Testing of the Comprehensive Prenatal Care Index: Relationship With Preterm Birth and Small for Gestational Age Across Racial and Ethnic Groups.Journal of midwifery & women's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmall for gestational age (SGA) is a well-known consequence of maternal smoking. Here, we newly examine the magnitude of SGA risk by week of gestational age.
methodsSingleton live births (N = 3,032,928) with recorded birth weight, gestational age (22-44 weeks), and maternal tobacco use (Y/N) were categorized as to SGA (Y/N), based on 10th percentile gender-specific weights-for-age.
resultsSGA prevalence among tobacco users (19.5%) and non-users (9.1%) yielded a significant SGA prevalence rate ratio of 2.15 (2.13-2.16) and a significant adjusted odds ratio of 2.36 (2.34-2.38). The tobacco non-users' rate was steadily near 9% across the week 22-44 gestational age range. The tobacco users' rate was steady until week 33 when it rose monotonically through week 37 to about 20% at week 38 and remained high. This pattern for SGA by gestational week was similar for prevalence rates and adjusted ORs. Tobacco use only through week 33 was not seen to be an SGA risk factor. The magnitude of tobacco use as an SGA risk factor for late third trimester births increased during the period of preterm birth and became fully evident with a two-fold risk for full term infants.
conclusionWe newly report the temporal pattern of tobacco-related SGA by week of gestational age. Tobacco-related SGA was only seen for late third trimester births - increasing during weeks 33-37 with a doubling during weeks 38-44. This pattern, informative for issues of mechanism, highlights the potential benefit of extending tobacco cessation programs through the third trimester of pregnancy.
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