ArticleAnnals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology2020
Immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin G subclass concentrations differ according to sex and race.
Article in Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A multiplex serological assay for quantification of arbovirus antibody kinetics and neutralizing antibodies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Reconstruction of historical malaria transmission in Senegal using multiplex serocatalytic models.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Whose Line Is it Anyway? Defining Seropositivity Cutoffs for Infectious Disease Surveillance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Reduced Fc-mediated antibody responses after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in a cohort of people living with HIV-1.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Placental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in mother-neonate pairs: a prospective nested cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Plasma testosterone concentration is correlated with circulating immune cell abundance in transgender young people on gender-affirming hormone treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- IgG4-related disease for the hematologist.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2024Review
- Article
- Clinical Performance of Immunonephelometric Assay and Chemiluminescent Immunoassay for Detection of IgG Subclasses in Chinese.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2024Article
- Mass spectrometry in IgG4-related disease diagnosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A retrospective multicenter study on clinical and serological parameters in patients with MuSK myasthenia gravis with and without general immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Plasma IgG aggregates as biomarkers for multiple sclerosis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Shared and unique antibody and B cell profiles in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.Medical mycology · 2023Article
- Clinical Significance of Serum IgG4 in the Diagnosis and Treatment Response of IgG4-Related Disease in Adults of Southwest China: A Retrospective Study.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Current Issues in the Management of IgG Subclass Deficiencies in Adults With Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Review
- The Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for the IgG Subclass in Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSerum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations are integral to the workup of immune deficiencies and IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Demographic differences in IgG concentrations are poorly described but can influence test interpretation, contribute to racial disparities in primary immunodeficiency diagnosis, and explain demographic differences in IgG concentrations in IgG4-RD.
objectiveTo assess differences in IgG and IgG subclass concentrations according to sex and race.
methodsWe identified patients with IgG and IgG subclass concentrations measured in a large health care system. Multivariate-adjusted differences in IgG and IgG subclass concentrations and the proportion of subjects with results outside of reference ranges according to sex and race were estimated.
resultsOf the 12,851 patients, the mean age was 54.7 years and 7917 (62%) were female. Of these, 11,673 (91%) were white, 611 (5%) were black, and 302 (2%) were Asian. Compared with the mean concentrations of white patients, Asian and black patients had higher mean concentrations of IgG (1340.0 and 1504.4 vs 988.1 mg/dL, P < .001), IgG1 (782.0 and 938.4 vs 592.4 mg/dL, P < .001), IgG2 (493.5 and 384.2 vs 305 mg/dL, P < .001), IgG3 (76.6 and 91.9 vs 55.9 mg/dL, P < .001), and IgG4 (140.4 and 53.6 vs 41.6 mg/dL, P < .001). Immunoglobin G subclass 4 concentrations were higher in males than those in females (56.3 vs 37.4 mg/dL, P < .001). Similar observations were made when comparing the proportions of patients with results outside of reference ranges and after stratifying by diagnosis.
conclusionImmunoglobin G and IgG subclass concentrations differ according to sex and race. These findings may have implications for the interpretation of these test results but require confirmation in diverse, healthy populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.