ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2020
Hypertension in Rural India: The Contribution of Socioeconomic Position.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and trends of hypertension among South Asian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- National prevalence and regional variation in the burden of hypertension in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Labour-type physical activity, alcohol use and hypertension in rural older adults in Northeast China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Exploring sex differences and associated risk factors of hypertension among the Bhil tribe of rajasthan, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Adults in Ernakulam District, Kerala: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Diseases Among Indian Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2024Review
- Morbidity and utilisation of healthcare services among people with cardiometabolic disease in three diverse regions of rural India.Chronic illness · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases among Older Adults in India.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Hypertension and its association with body mass index among the Indian population. Findings from a nationwide survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Absolute cardiovascular risk scores and medication use in rural India: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Mixed Effect of Alcohol, Smoking, and Smokeless Tobacco Use on Hypertension among Adult Population in India: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prevalence and predictors of prehypertension and hypertension in adult population of rural Southern India-An epidemiological study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
- Hypertension in Rural India: The Contribution of Socioeconomic Position.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Impact of internal migration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: Insights from a large industrial cohort in Ludhiana.Indian heart journalObservational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Various indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) may have opposing effects on the risk of hypertension in disadvantaged settings. For example, high income may reflect sedentary employment, whereas greater education may promote healthy lifestyle choices. We assessed whether education modifies the association between income and hypertension in 3 regions of South India at different stages of epidemiological transition. Methods and Results Using a cross-sectional design, we randomly selected villages within each of rural Trivandrum, West Godavari, and Rishi Valley. Sampling was stratified by age group and sex. We measured blood pressure and anthropometry and administered a questionnaire to identify lifestyle factors and SEP, including education, literacy, and income. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between various components of SEP and hypertension, and interaction analyses were used to determine whether educational attainment modified the association between income and hypertension. Trivandrum, the region of highest SEP, had the greatest prevalence of hypertension, whereas Rishi Valley, the lowest SEP region, had the least. Overall, greater income was associated with greater risk of hypertension. In interaction analyses, there was no evidence that educational attainment modified the association between income and hypertension. Conclusions Education is widely considered to ameliorate the risk of hypertension in high-income countries. Why this effect is absent in rural India merits investigation.
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