ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2020
Combined immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab with and without local therapy in patients with melanoma brain metastasis: a DeCOG* study in 380 patients.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of serum biomarkers for survival in melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- SEOM-GEINO clinical guideline of systemic therapy and management of brain central nervous system metastases (2021).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Guideline
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for melanoma brain metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- The Long-Term and Short-Term Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Predictive Performance of Serum S100BFrontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Nivolumab and ipilimumab with concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial metastases from non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of the safety cohort for non-randomized, open-label, phase I/II trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Trial
- Treatment patterns and outcomes in melanoma brain metastasis: exploring immune-related adverse events and survival.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Seizure outcomes in patients with brain metastases and epilepsy: a systematic review on the efficacy of antitumor treatment and antiseizure medication.Neuro-oncology practice · 2025Review
- Timing of brain metastases in relation to outcome during first-line ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy for metastatic melanoma in a community oncology practice.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Sustained Immunotherapy Response in Metastatic Brain Melanoma Through 2 Pregnancies.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Real-world outcomes in patients with melanoma brain metastasis: a US multisite retrospective chart review study of systemic treatments.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Selecting first-line immunotherapy in advanced melanoma: Current evidence on efficacy across diverse patient populations.EJC skin cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Review
- Dosimetric and Clinical Prognostic Factors in Single-Isocenter Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases.Cancers · 2024Article
- Evaluating stereotactic accuracy with patient-specific MRI distortion corrections for frame-based radiosurgery.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy With Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases in Patients With NSCLC: NEJ060.JTO clinical and research reports · 2024Article
- Long-Term Intracranial Outcomes With Combination Dual Immune-Checkpoint Blockade and Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients With Melanoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastases.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2024Article
- Predictive role of intracranial PD-L1 expression in a real-world cohort of NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibition following brain metastasis resection.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
32 authors at 20 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNivolumab combined with ipilimumab have shown activity in melanoma brain metastasis (MBM). However, in most of the clinical trials investigating immunotherapy in this subgroup, patients with symptomatic MBM and/or prior local brain radiotherapy were excluded. We studied the efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab alone or in combination with local therapies regardless of treatment line in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic MBM.
methodsPatients with MBM treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in 23 German Skin Cancer Centers between April 2015 and October 2018 were investigated. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier estimator and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to determine prognostic factors associated with OS.
resultsThree hundred and eighty patients were included in this study and 31% had symptomatic MBM (60/193 with data available) at the time of start nivolumab plus ipilimumab. The median follow-up was 18 months and the 2 years and 3 years OS rates were 41% and 30%, respectively. We identified the following independently significant prognostic factors for OS: elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and protein S100B levels, number of MBM and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. In these patients treated with checkpoint inhibition first-line or later, in the subgroup of patients with BRAFV600-mutated melanoma we found no differences in terms of OS when receiving first-line either BRAF and MEK inhibitors or nivolumab plus ipilimumab (p=0.085). In BRAF wild-type patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in first-line or later there was also no difference in OS (p=0.996). Local therapy with stereotactic radiosurgery or surgery led to an improvement in OS compared with not receiving local therapy (p=0.009), regardless of the timepoint of the local therapy. Receiving combined immunotherapy for MBM in first-line or at a later time point made no difference in terms of OS in this study population (p=0.119).
conclusionImmunotherapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, particularly in combination with stereotactic radiosurgery or surgery improves OS in asymptomatic and symptomatic MBM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.