SynthesisClinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society2020
Cardiovascular autonomic effects of electronic cigarette use: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical testing of the cardiovascular effects of e-cigarette substitution for smoking: a living systematic review.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes: An Umbrella Review and Methodological Considerations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Chronic health effects associated with electronic cigarette use: A systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Arrhythmogenic effects of acute electronic cigarette compared to tobacco cigarette smoking in people living with HIV.Physiological reports · 2024Trial
- Assessing acute nicotine impact on choroidal thickness: a randomized, double-blinded study comparing smoking cessation aids, including nicotine gum and electronic cigarettes.International ophthalmology · 2024Trial
- Nicotine-containing products and the cardiovascular system: mechanisms and global health implications.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- E-cigarettes and erectile dysfunction: biological mechanisms and research challenges.International journal of impotence research · 2026Review
- Comparative effects of electronic and traditional cigarette use on pulmonary function, autonomic regulation, and exercise capacity in young adults.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Consequences of E-Cigarettes: A New Challenge for Cardiologists.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction and Increased Oxidative Stress in Conventional Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Heart Rate Variability as a Cardiovascular Predictor.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ventricular Repolarization in Healthy Young Adults Who Use Combusted Cannabis: A Cross-Sectional Parallel Group Comparison Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Negative Air Ions Attenuate Nicotine-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction by Suppressing AP1-Mediated FN1 and SPP1.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations between anxiety sensitivity and substance use in adolescents: Mediation by depressive affect.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Acute cardiovascular effects of 4th generation electronic cigarettes and combusted cigarettes: implications for harm reduction.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Adaptive Sequential Singular Spectrum Analysis: Effective Signal Extraction with Application to Heart Rate Signals Related to E-cigarette Use.Data science in science · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular dysfunction induced by combined exposure to nicotine inhalation and high-fat diet.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- E-cigarettes and arrhythmogenesis: a comprehensive review of pre-clinical studies and their clinical implications.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- Review
- Vaping and Mental Health Conditions in Children: An Umbrella Review.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeElectronic cigarettes (ECs) are the fastest growing tobacco product in the USA, and ECs, like tobacco cigarettes (TCs), have effects on the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system, with clinical implications. The purpose of this review was to collect and synthesize available studies that have investigated the autonomic cardiovascular effects of EC use in humans. Special attention is paid to the acute and chronic effects of ECs, the relative contributions of the nicotine versus non-nicotine constituents in EC emissions and the relative effects of ECs compared to TCs.
methodsUsing the methodology described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, we conducted a literature search of the Ovid PubMed and Embase databases on 6 December 2019 using keywords in titles and abstracts of published literature. Acute (minutes to hours) and chronic (days or longer) changes in heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were used as estimates of cardiovascular autonomic effects.
resultsNineteen studies were included in this systematic review, all of which used earlier generation EC devices. Acute EC vaping increased HR and BP less than acute TC smoking. Nicotine but not non-nicotine constituents in EC aerosol were responsible for the sympathoexcitatory effects. The results of chronic EC vaping studies were consistent with a chronic sympathoexcitatory effect as estimated by HRV, but this did not translate into chronic increases in HR or BP.
conclusionsElectronic cigarettes are sympathoexcitatory. Cardiac sympathoexcitatory effects are less when vaping using the earlier generation ECs than when smoking TCs. Additional studies of the latest pod-like EC devices, which deliver nicotine similarly to a TC, are necessary.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.