ArticlePloS one2020
Low incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in south-east Sweden: An epidemiologic study on 9268 cases of bloodstream infection.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antimicrobial resistance in India's dairy value chain: An investigation of risk factors in Haryana and Assam, India.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Global Antimicrobial Non-Susceptibility Patterns ofInfection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Bacteriological Spectrum and Drug Resistance Among Patients Associated With Bloodstream Infection in Intensive Care Units in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University From 2021 to 2023.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Article
- Two rare cases of severe community-acquired bloodstream infections: a clinical case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Incidence, aetiology and temporal trend of bloodstream infections in southern Sweden from 2006 to 2019: a population-based study.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Unresolved issues in the epidemiology and diagnosis of bacteremia: an opinion paper.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022Review
- Increasing rates of urinary and bloodstream infections following transrectal prostate biopsy in South Sweden.BJU international · 2022Article
- Early deaths associated with community-acquired and healthcare-associated bloodstream infections: a population-based study, Finland, 2004 to 2018.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in an Intensive Care Unit.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Article
- Identification of Prognostic Factors in Patients With Streptococcus Bloodstream Infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Low 30-day mortality and low carbapenem-resistance in a decade ofInfection ecology & epidemiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Population-Based Study of Bloodstream Infection Incidence and Mortality Rates, Finland, 2004-2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Emerging Threat of Multidrug Resistant Pathogens From Neonatal Sepsis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of bloodstream infections (BSI) in a Swedish setting, with focus on risk factors for BSI-associated mortality.
methodsA 9-year (2008-2016) retrospective cohort study from electronic records of episodes of bacteremia amongst hospitalized patients in the county of Östergötland, Sweden was conducted. Data on episodes of BSI including microorganisms, antibiotic susceptibility, gender, age, hospital admissions, comorbidity, mortality and aggregated antimicrobial consumption (DDD /1,000 inhabitants/day) were collected and analyzed. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to at least three groups of antibiotics. MDR bacteria and MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant enterococci not fulfilling the MDR criteria were all defined as antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria and included in the statistical analysis of risk factors for mortality.
resultsIn all, 9,268 cases of BSI were found. The overall 30-day all-cause mortality in the group of patients with BSI was 13%. The incidence of BSI and associated 30-day all-cause mortality per 100,000 hospital admissions increased by 66% and 17% respectively during the nine-year study period. The most common species were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis. Independent risk factors for 30-day mortality were age (RR: 1.02 (CI: 1.02-1.03)) and 1, 2 or ≥3 comorbidities RR: 2.06 (CI: 1.68-2.52), 2.79 (CI: 2.27-3.42) and 2.82 (CI: 2.31-3.45) respectively. Almost 3% (n = 245) of all BSIs were caused by AMR bacteria increasing from 12 to 47 per 100,000 hospital admissions 2008-2016 (p = 0.01), but this was not associated with a corresponding increase in mortality risk (RR: 0.89 (CI: 0.81-0.97)).
conclusionComorbidity was the predominant risk factor for 30-day all-cause mortality associated with BSI in this study. The burden of AMR was low and not associated with increased mortality. Patients with BSIs caused by AMR bacteria (MDR, MRSA, ESBL and VRE) were younger, had fewer comorbidities, and the 30-day all-cause mortality was lower in this group.
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