Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32216796›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2020

Test-retest reliability of tip, key, and palmar pinch force sense in healthy adults.

Lin Li, Yanxia Li, Changhong Wu, Xinyan Zhang

Abstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  3. Observational
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  5. Evaluation of Hand-Grip Strength Measurement Using the Pablo Virtual Reality System in Young Adults.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
    Article
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  9. Functional outcome after digit replantation versus amputation.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lin LiDepartment of Physical Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Yanxia LiCollege of Physical Education, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, Hebei, 065000, People's Republic of China. lmm333_0@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-0989
Changhong WuCollege of Physical Education, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, Hebei, 065000, People's Republic of China.
Xinyan ZhangSchool of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Funding

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and the Research Funds of Renmin University of China 17XNF029
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNo previous studies have investigated the test-retest reliability of tip, key, and palmar pinch force sense in healthy adults. The present study explores the test-retest reliability of tip, key, and palmar pinch force sense for different force levels in healthy adults during an ipsilateral force reproduction task.

methodsFifty-six healthy subjects were instructed to produce varying levels of reference forces (10, 30, and 50% maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC)) using three types of pinches (tip pinch, palmar pinch, and key pinch) and to reproduce these forces using the same hand. The subjects were tested twice by the same experienced testers, 1 week apart.

resultsBased on the high values of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the tip pinch (0.783-0.895) and palmar pinch (0.752-0.903) force sense tests demonstrated good reliability for all the variables. The ICCs for the key pinch (0.712-0.881) indicated fair to good relative test-retest reliability.

conclusion1) This study demonstrates that high test-retest reliability of tip, key, and palmar pinch force sense in healthy adults can be achieved using standardized positioning and the proposed approach. 2) According to the reliability measurements, 30 and 50% maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) are the most reliable pinch force sense levels.

Indexed as

Pinch StrengthAdolescentAdultFemaleHandHumansIsometric ContractionMaleProprioceptionReference ValuesReproducibility of ResultsYoung AdultForce senseKey pinchPalmar pinchProprioceptionTest–retest reliabilityTip pinch

Identifiers

PMID32216796
PMCPMC7099785

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.