ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Physicochemical Characterization of the Pristine E171 Food Additive by Standardized and Validated Methods.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Titanium Dioxide (E171) Alters the Colon Transcriptome-Evidence From a Human Dietary Intervention Study.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Trial
- Investigating the ROS Formation and Particle Behavior of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide (E171) in the TIM-1 Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Model.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effect of Butyrate on Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide Toxicity in Different Intestinal In Vitro Models.Chemical research in toxicology · 2024Article
- Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiOBeilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2024Article
- An ICP-MS-Based Analytical Strategy for Assessing Compliance with the Ban of E 171 as a Food Additive on the EU Market.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Application of Single Particle ICP-MS for the Determination of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Food Additives and Food: A Short Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A 90-day oral exposure to food-grade gold at relevant human doses impacts the gut microbiota and the local immune system in a sex-dependent manner in mice.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2023Article
- Agglomeration Behavior and Fate of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide in Human Gastrointestinal Digestion and in the Lysosomal Environment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Reply to Kaminski, N.E.; Cohen, S.M. Comment on "Bischoff et al. The Effects of the Food Additive Titanium Dioxide (E171) on Tumor Formation and Gene Expression in the Colon of a Transgenic Mouse Model for Colorectal Cancer.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- How to trust size distributions obtained by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Nanoparticle Impact on the Bacterial Adaptation: Focus on Nano-Titania.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Effects of the Food Additive Titanium Dioxide (E171) on Tumor Formation and Gene Expression in the Colon of a Transgenic Mouse Model for Colorectal Cancer.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Titanium dioxide particles frequently present in face masks intended for general use require regulatory control.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Oral administration of TiOParticle and fibre toxicology · 2022Article
- Association between environmental lead/cadmium co-exposure in drinking water and soil and type 2 diabetes mellitus/obesity in Southern China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Guidance on technical requirements for regulated food and feed product applications to establish the presence of small particles including nanoparticles.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Guidance on risk assessment of nanomaterials to be applied in the food and feed chain: human and animal health.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Safety assessment of titanium dioxide (E171) as a food additive.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Article
- Possible Adverse Effects of Food Additive E171 (Titanium Dioxide) Related to Particle Specific Human Toxicity, Including the Immune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
E171 (titanium dioxide) is a food additive that has been authorized for use as a food colorant in the European Union. The application of E171 in food has become an issue of debate, since there are indications that it may alter the intestinal barrier. This work applied standardized and validated methodologies to characterize representative samples of 15 pristine E171 materials based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS). The evaluation of selected sample preparation protocols allowed identifying and optimizing the critical factors that determine the measurement of the particle size distribution by TEM. By combining optimized sample preparation with method validation, a significant variation in the particle size and shape distributions, the crystallographic structure (rutile versus anatase), and the physicochemical form (pearlescent pigments versus anatase and rutile E171) was demonstrated among the representative samples. These results are important for risk assessment of the E171 food additive and can contribute to the implementation of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) guidance on risk assessment of the application of nanoscience and nanotechnologies in the food and feed chain.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.