Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32211800›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2020

Macro- and Micronutrients in Milk from Healthy Cambodian Mothers: Status and Interrelations.

Kyly C Whitfield, Setareh Shahab-Ferdows, Hou Kroeun, Prak Sophonneary, Timothy J Green, Lindsay H Allen, Daniela Hampel

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Kyly C WhitfieldDepartment of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Setareh Shahab-FerdowsUSDA/ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Hou KroeunHelen Keller International Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Prak SophonnearyNational Nutrition Programme, Maternal and Child Health Centre, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Timothy J GreenFood, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Lindsay H AllenUSDA/ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Daniela HampelUSDA/ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Western Human Nutrition Research Center · USUniversity of British Columbia · CAMinistry of Health · KHPhnom Penh International University · KH

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExcept for low thiamin content, little is known about vitamins or macronutrients in milk from Cambodian mothers, and associations among milk nutrients.

objectivesWe measured fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) and water-soluble vitamins (WSVs), and macronutrients, and explored internutrient associations in milk from Cambodian mothers.

methodsMilk from women (aged 18-45 y, 3-27 wk postpartum, n = 68) who participated in a thiamin-fortification trial were analyzed for vitamins B-2 (riboflavin, FAD), B-3 (nicotinamide), B-5, B-6 (pyridoxal, pyridoxine), B-7, B-12, A, E [α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol (γ-TPH)], carotenoids, carbohydrate (CHO), fat, and protein. Milk vitamin B-1 [thiamin, thiamin monophosphate (TMP), thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP)] was previously assessed for fortification effects. Milk nutrient concentrations were compared with the Adequate Intake (AI) values for infants aged 0-6 mo. Pearson correlation was used to examine internutrient associations after excluding nutrients affected by fortification.

resultsFortification increased thiamin and B-1 and decreased γ-TPH. Less than 40% of milk samples met the AIs for all vitamins, and 10 samples did not reach any AI values for the analyzed nutrients. CHO, fat, and energy values were met in 1.5-11.8%, and protein in 48.5%, of the samples. Whereas fat, protein, and energy were related (all r < 0.5; P < 0.001) and associated with FSVs and WSVs, CHO correlated only with some WSVs. TPP was not correlated with B-1 vitamers, but with other WSVs (r = 0.28-0.58; P < 0.019). All FSVs, except α-carotene, were correlated with each other (r = 0.42-0.98; P < 0.002). TPP, FAD, B-2, and B-3 were associated with almost all FSVs (r = 0.24-0.63; P < 0.044).

conclusionsCambodian women might not provide sufficient nutrients to their exclusively breastfeeding infants. Besides thiamin, all other vitamins measured were much lower than the AI. There were many strong correlations among macronutrients and vitamins; the extent to which these are explained by maternal diet, milk volume, maternal physiology, or genetics requires additional exploration.

Indexed as

MothersAdolescentAdultCambodiaDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMicronutrientsMiddle AgedMilk, HumanNutrientsRural PopulationYoung AdultMicronutrientsNutrientsAdequate Intake (AI)human milkinternutrient relationsmacronutrientsmicronutrients

Identifiers

PMID32211800
PMCPMC7269724
OpenAlexW3013161474

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.