ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Engineered Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potentials in Cancer Immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating CD20-positive extracellular vesicles impair rituximab efficacy and predict outcomes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Blood cancer journal · 2026Article
- Application of dendritic cell extracellular vesicles as a valid nanoparticle platform for cancer therapies: a narrative review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Treatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles with Extract of CulturedCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Engineered nanovesicles as a DC vaccine to enhance the antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells against solid tumors.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- The avatar principle: exosomal dynamics guiding tumor adaptation and next-generation therapeutic strategies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Experimental Validation of miR-4443, miR-572, and miR-150-5p in Serum and Tissue of Breast Cancer Patients as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker: A Study Based on Bioinformatics Prediction.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in spine tumors: biological roles, immune modulation, and therapeutic implications.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of tumor-derived extracellular vesicle-mediated immunometabolic reprogramming and immunotherapeutic resistance.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Exploring tumor-derived exosomes as promising antigenic platforms: novel vaccine and immunotherapy strategies for "cold" colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The symbiotic axis between the acidic tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells: a driver of malignancy and therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles in Emerging Cancer Vaccine Platforms.Small science · 2025Review
- Biogenesis and functional implications of extracellular vesicles in cancer metastasis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Review
- Extracellular vesicles as missiles for enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of oncolytic viruses: from disseminating oncolysis and anti-tumor immunity to targeted delivery.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- The Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials of Dendritic Cells in NSCLC.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- The Role of Exosomes as a Key Factor of Cytostatic Resistance in Cancer: Mechanisms of Action, Potential Biomarkers, and Possible Exosome-Based Therapies.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Prospect of extracellular vesicles in tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exosome may be the next generation of promising cell-free vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancers: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies.MedComm · 2024Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes are nano vesicles from the larger family named Extracellular Vesicle (EV)s which are released by various cells including tumor cells, mast cells, dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, neurons, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. They are considerable messengers that can exchange proteins and genetic materials between the cells. Within the past decade, Tumor derived exosomes (TEX) have been emerged as important mediators in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis as well as host immune suppression and drug resistance. Although tumor derived exosomes consist of tumor antigens and several Heat Shock Proteins such as HSP70 and HSP90 to stimulate immune response against tumor cells, they contain inhibitory molecules like Fas ligand (Fas-L), Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) leading to decrease the cytotoxicity and establish immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To bypass this problem and enhance immune response, some macromolecules such as miRNAs, HSPs and activatory ligands have been recognized as potent immune inducers that could be used as anti-tumor agents to construct a nano sized tumor vaccine. Here, we discussed emerging engineered exosomes as a novel therapeutic strategy and considered the associated challenges.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.