ArticlePloS one2020
No clear associations of adult BMI and diabetes mellitus with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence and progression.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between metabolic syndrome and its components with bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Epidemiology and health · 2022Pooled it
- Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity as Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Egyptian patients: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Recurrence and prevention strategies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A comprehensive review.Asian journal of urology · 2026Review
- Intravesical gemcitabine versus anthracyclines for primary and first recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a single-center retrospective study over 10 years.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Prediction of recurrence risk in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Asian journal of urology · 2024Article
- Geriatric nutritional risk index as a prognostic factor in elderly patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched study.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Body mass index and waist circumference in relation to risk of recurrence and progression after non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost Burden of BCG-Treated Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients in Germany: A Retrospective Claims Analysis.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2023Article
- Body composition as a predictor of oncological outcome in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving intravesical instillation after transurethral resection of bladder tumor.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- The Association between Diabetes Medication Use and Tumour Characteristics at Diagnosis in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma: A Retrospective Registry-Based Study.Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Incidence of Bladder Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients are at high risk for tumour recurrence and progression, hence an intensive follow-up procedure is recommended which is costly. Identification of factors that are associated with the risk of recurrence and progression may enable personalized follow-up schedules. Obesity and diabetes mellitus may be associated with a worse prognosis, but the evidence is limited and inconsistent. Our objective was to determine the associations of BMI and diabetes mellitus with risks of recurrence and progression among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients.
methodsA population-based cohort of patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer between 1995 and 2010 was retrospectively identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and invited to participate in the Nijmegen Bladder Cancer Study (n = 1,433). Average weight during adult life, height, and diabetes mellitus diagnosis were self-reported by use of a questionnaire. Clinical follow-up data were retrieved from medical files. Associations were quantified using proportional hazard analyses. For all analyses, minimal adjustment sets were selected using a Directed Acyclic Graph.
resultsFourteen percent of the patients indicated to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and more than half was overweight (45%) or obese (9%). Compared to healthy weight, overweight and obesity were not associated with risk of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-1.22, and HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.76-1.38, respectively) and overall progression (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.74-1.44, and HR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.69-2.09, respectively). Also, no clear associations of diabetes mellitus with risk of recurrence (HR = 1.22; 95% CI: 0.98-1.54) and overall progression (HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.76-1.76) were found.
conclusionAverage BMI during adult life and diabetes mellitus were not clearly associated with risk of recurrence or progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Prospective cohort studies with detailed information on BMI and diabetes mellitus before and after diagnosis are needed to confirm these findings.
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