Trial reportPloS one2020
Biomarkers and overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TGF-βRI inhibitor galunisertib.
Trial report in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01246986 (Phase 2 Study of LY2157299 in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 2 Study of LY2157299 in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- <p>Beyond hepatic stellate cell heterogeneity: Resolving fibrosis, restoring regeneration (Review)</p>.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- T Cell Exhaustion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Substantial Barrier in Immunotherapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Neutrophils in the hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment: orchestrators of progression and immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Targeted Therapies Modulating Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition-Linked Oncogenic Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment: Comparative Profiling of Capmatinib, Bemcentinib, and Galunisertib.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells: the current state of small molecule-based inhibitors.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal mechanisms of radioresistance and immune escape in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Neutrophils in cancer: At the crucial crossroads of anti-tumor and pro-tumor.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- Inhibiting the TGF-β1 Pathway Reduces the Aggressiveness of Intrahepatic CCA HuCCT1 CD90-Positive Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dual signaling pathways of TGF-β superfamily cytokines in hepatocytes: balancing liver homeostasis and disease progression.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- mAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic options in hepatocellular carcinoma.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Multifunctional roles of inflammation and its causative factors in primary liver cancer: A literature review.World journal of hepatology · 2023Review
- The Nexus of Inflammation-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Lung Cancer Progression: A Roadmap to Pentacyclic Triterpenoid-Based Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- New and Old Key Players in Liver Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Context-dependent TGFβ family signalling in cell fate regulation.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2023Review
- Diverse Neutrophil Functions in Cancer and Promising Neutrophil-Based Cancer Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Harnessing NK Cells to Control Metastasis.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Targeting the tumor stroma for cancer therapy.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Prognostic Role of Molecular and Imaging Biomarkers for Predicting Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Efficacy.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling is involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We followed changes in biomarkers during treatment of patients with HCC with the TGF-βRI/ALK5 inhibitor galunisertib.
methodsThis phase 2 study (NCT01246986) enrolled second-line patients with advanced HCC into one of two cohorts of baseline serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): Part A (AFP ≥1.5x ULN) or Part B (AFP <1.5x ULN). Baseline and postbaseline levels of AFP, TGF-β1, E-cadherin, selected miRNAs, and other plasma proteins were monitored.
resultsThe study enrolled 149 patients (Part A, 109; Part B, 40). Median OS was 7.3 months in Part A and 16.8 months in Part B. Baseline AFP, TGF-β1, E-cadherin, and an additional 16 plasma proteins (such as M-CSF, IL-6, ErbB3, ANG-2, neuropilin-1, MIP-3 alpha, KIM-1, uPA, IL-8, TIMP-1, ICAM-1, Apo A-1, CA-125, osteopontin, tetranectin, and IGFBP-1) were found to correlate with OS. In addition, a range of miRs were found to be associated with OS. In AFP responders (21% of patients in Part A with decrease of >20% from baseline) versus non-responders, median OS was 21.5 months versus 6.8 months (p = 0.0015). In TGF-β1 responders (51% of all patients) versus non-responders, median OS was 11.2 months versus 5.3 months (p = 0.0036).
conclusionsConsistent with previous findings, both baseline levels and changes from baseline of circulating AFP and TGF-β1 function as prognostic indicators of survival. Future trials are needed to confirm and extend these results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.