ArticlePloS one2020
Impact of diabetes, obesity and hypertension on preterm birth: Population-based study.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between maternal multimorbidity and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Investigation of trends, hot spots and effective therapies for pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The prevalence of adolescent pregnancy and its associated consequences in the Eastern Mediterranean region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive health · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Nature communications · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review with meta-analysis: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the association with pregnancy outcomes.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2022Pooled it
- Defining growth faltering and malnutrition among very preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Maternal Hypertension, Diabetes, and Preterm Birth Risk Among Infants With Trisomy 21 in Texas, 1999-2018.Birth defects research · 2026Article
- Self-assessment risk scoring system for early screening of preterm birth in low resource settings.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Maternal Nativity and Residence in US Territories and Preterm Birth.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnancy Associated with Psychological Distress.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Air Pollution and Preterm Birth: A Scoping Review Focused on Preterm Birth Phenotype and Specific Lengths of Gestation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pre-pregnancy and gestational cardiometabolic disorders and risk of preterm birth and infant mortality.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Effectiveness and safety of consecutive single embryo transfer compared to double embryo transfer: results from the UK HFEA registry.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Barriers to contraceptive use among people living with diabetes and/or hypertension: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Neonatal outcomes in offspring of mothers with pregestational diabetes: a hospital-based multicentre prospective cohort study protocol.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Article
- Social and geographical disparities in adverse birth outcomes in Alaska: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- An obesity paradox in preterm birth: A case control study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Fetal Interventricular Septum Volume Evaluated by Four-Dimensional Ultrasound Using Spatiotemporal Image Correlation (STIC) and Virtual Organ Computer-Aided Analysis (VOCAL) in Fetuses from Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnant Women Compared to Fetuses from Healthy Pregnant Women.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus (D), obesity (O) and chronic hypertension (H) on preterm birth (PTB).
methodsRetrospective population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada between 2012-2016. Women who had a singleton livebirth or stillbirth at > 20 weeks gestation were included in the cohort. Exposures of interest were D, O and H, individually, and in various combinations. The primary outcome was PTB at 241/7 to 366/7 weeks. PTB was further analyzed by spontaneous or provider-initiated, early (< 34 weeks) or late (34-37 weeks), and the co-presence of preeclampsia, large for gestational age (LGA), and small for gestational age (SGA). Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to generate relative risks (RR), further adjusted for maternal age and parity (aRR). Population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated for each of the outcomes by exposure state.
results506,483 women were eligible for analysis. 30,139 pregnancies (6.0%) were complicated by PTB < 37 weeks, of which 7375 (24.5%) had D or O or H. Relative to women without D or O or H, the aRR for PTB < 37 weeks was higher for D (3.51; 95% CI 3.26-3.78) and H (3.81; 95% CI 3.55-4.10) than O (1.14; 95% CI 1.10-1.17). The combined state of DH was associated with a significantly higher aRR of PTB < 37 weeks (6.34; 95% CI 5.14-7.80) and < 34 weeks (aRR 10.33, 95% CI 6.96-15.33) than D alone. The risk of provider initiated PTB was generally higher than that for spontaneous PTB. Pre-pregnancy hypertension was associated with the highest risk for PTB with preeclampsia (aRR 45.42, 95% CI 39.69-51.99) and PTB with SGA (aRR 9.78, 95% CI 7.81-12.26) while pre-pregnancy diabetes was associated with increased risk for PTB with LGA (aRR 28.85, 95% CI 24.65-33.76).
conclusionCombinations of DOH significantly magnify the risk of PTB, especially provider initiated PTB, and PTB with altered fetal growth or preeclampsia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.