Observational studyHeart (British Cardiac Society)2020
Cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in early rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study.
Observational study in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03675516 (The Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Haematological Abnormalities, and Other Comorbidities in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United Kingdom and Their Associations With Important Outcomes), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Haematological Abnormalities, and Other Comorbidities in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United Kingdom and Their Associations With Important Outcomes
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular associated biomarkers in adults with asymptomatic autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review of quantitative preference studies of treatments for rheumatoid arthritis among patients and at-risk populations.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Rheumatology international · 2021Pooled it
- Malignancy risk with tofacitinib versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the open-label, randomised controlled ORAL Surveillance trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease in relation to cytomegalovirus infection: a pilot cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Low adherence to cardiovascular risk assessment guidelines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective chart review of routine clinical practice.Rheumatology international · 2025Review
- Effects of Tofacitinib Therapy on Circulating Tumour-Associated Antigens and Their Relationship with Clinical, Laboratory and Vascular Parameters in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Gout and rheumatoid arthritis are associated with subclinical vascular damage, reduced brachial vasoreactivity and coronary microvascular dysfunction: a case-control study.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Quantification of coronary artery calcification in systemic sclerosis using visual ordinal and deep learning scoring: Association with systemic sclerosis clinical features.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2025Article
- Risk Factors Associated With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Malignancies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Real-World Setting in Japan.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2024Article
- Heart Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Clinical Implications.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Treating Cardiovascular Disease in the Inflammatory Setting of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Ongoing Challenge.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Primary Care: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Venous Thromboembolism with JAK Inhibitors versus TNF Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2024Article
- Association of urinary albumin excretion with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a national prospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Pre-existing musculoskeletal pain and its association with mortality in newly diagnosed co-morbid conditions: an electronic health record cohort study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2024Article
- Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis patients from 2018 to 2022: a real-world, single-center, retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgG, incident cardiovascular events, and lipid paradox in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at and prior to diagnosis in people with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and subsequent CVD in these patients.
methodsA retrospective case-control study using a large English primary care database. People with RA (n=6591) diagnosed between 2004 and 2016 (inclusive) were identified using a validated algorithm, matched 1:1 by age and gender to those without RA (n=6591) and followed for a median of 5.4 years. We assessed differences in CVD at, before and after diagnosis, and the impact of traditional and RA-related risk factors (C reactive protein, RA-related autoantibodies and medication use) on incident CVD (a composite of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or heart failure).
resultsRA cases and their matched controls were both of mean age 58.7 (SD 15.5) at cohort entry, and 67.5% were female. Some CVD risk factors were more common at RA diagnosis including smoking and diabetes; however, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in patients with RA. CVD was more common in RA at cohort entry; stroke (3.9% vs 2.7%, p<0.001), heart failure (1.6% vs 1.0%, p=0.001), and non-significantly MI (3.1% vs 2.8%, p=0.092). Excess CVD developed in the 5 years preceding diagnosis. After adjustment for traditional and RA-related risk factors, RA was associated with greater risk of post-diagnosis CVD (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.65, p=0.010).
conclusionsAn excess of stroke and heart failure occurs before diagnosis of RA. There is excess risk for further cardiovascular events after diagnosis, which is not explained by differences in traditional CVD or RA-related risk factors at diagnosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.