ArticleInternational ophthalmology2020
Conjunctival impression cytology and tear-film changes in cases with vitamin D deficiency.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Efficacy of Oral Vitamin Supplementation in Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Association between systemic medication use and severity of dry eye signs and symptoms in the DRy eye assessment and management (DREAM) study.The ocular surface · 2024Article
- Serum Vitamin D Levels and Status in Thai Optic Neuritis Subjects: A Case-Control Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate conjunctival surface cells and tear-film functions in cases with vitamin D deficiency.
methodsThirty-six patients with serum vitamin D deficiency and 27 control subjects with normal serum vitamin D levels were included in this prospective study. The tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer II test, and conjunctival impression cytology tests were performed to all participants.
resultsThe mean serum vitamin D levels were 10.5 ± 5.0 µl in the study group and 33.9 ± 11.7 µl in the control group (p < 0.001). The median TBUT scores were 11 s and 17 s and the median Schirmer II values were 7.5 mm and 12 mm in the study and the control groups, respectively (p = 0.003, p = 0.049). According to the Nelson staging system, 69.4% of the patients in the study group had grade 2 or 3 impression cytology, whereas 18.5% of the participants in the control group had grade 2 or 3 impression cytology (p < 0.001).
conclusionOur study results showed that vitamin D deficiency may lead to dry eye causing conjunctival squamous metaplasia and loss of goblet cells on the ocular surface.
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