Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32206427›Full record

ArticleBiomedical optics express2020

Deep learning segmentation for optical coherence tomography measurements of the lower tear meniscus.

Hannes Stegmann, René M Werkmeister, Martin Pfister, Gerhard Garhöfer, Leopold Schmetterer, Valentin Aranha Dos Santos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical optics express, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Artificial intelligence virtual assistants in primary eye care practice.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2025
    Review
  7. Artificial intelligence in corneal diseases: A narrative review.Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis of ocular surface diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Artificial intelligence and corneal diseases.Current opinion in ophthalmology · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hannes StegmannCenter for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-0218
René M WerkmeisterCenter for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5714
Martin PfisterCenter for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-4644
Gerhard GarhöferDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Leopold SchmettererCenter for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Valentin Aranha Dos SantosCenter for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tear meniscus contains most of the tear fluid and therefore is a good indicator for the state of the tear film. Previously, we used a custom-built optical coherence tomography (OCT) system to study the lower tear meniscus by automatically segmenting the image data with a thresholding-based segmentation algorithm (TBSA). In this report, we investigate whether the results of this image segmentation algorithm are suitable to train a neural network in order to obtain similar or better segmentation results with shorter processing times. Considering the class imbalance problem, we compare two approaches, one directly segmenting the tear meniscus (DSA), the other first localizing the region of interest and then segmenting within the higher resolution image section (LSA). A total of 6658 images labeled by the TBSA were used to train deep convolutional neural networks with supervised learning. Five-fold cross-validation reveals a sensitivity of 96.36% and 96.43%, a specificity of 99.98% and 99.86% and a Jaccard index of 93.24% and 93.16% for the DSA and LSA, respectively. Average segmentation times are up to 228 times faster than the TBSA. Additionally, we report the behavior of the DSA and LSA in cases challenging for the TBSA and further test the applicability to measurements acquired with a commercially available OCT system. The application of deep learning for the segmentation of the tear meniscus provides a powerful tool for the assessment of the tear film, supporting studies for the investigation of the pathophysiology of dry eye-related diseases.

Identifiers

PMID32206427
PMCPMC7075621

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.