Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32205160›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of hospital infection2020

When is an outbreak an outbreak? Using literature and discharge data to define Clostridioides difficile incidence changes referred to as outbreaks.

C C Cohen, G Azhar, L Muggy

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of hospital infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

C C CohenRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA. Electronic address: ccohen@rand.org.
G AzharRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
L MuggyRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.

Funding

RAND CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AGINGP30AG012815 · NIA · RAND CORPORATION · PI HURD, MICHAEL D · 1999 to 2020
$13.7M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG012815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A clinically noticeable increase in Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) in excess of expectations (i.e. outbreak) lacks a common definition. Understanding what magnitude of CDI incidence growth constitutes an outbreak from the hospital perspective is valuable for retrospective analyses. This study identified CDI incidence metrics reported as outbreaks in the literature and compared these with Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) discharge data. Publications reported a median 4.1x incidence change between outbreak periods and reference periods (N=26, minimum 2x incidence). However, this magnitude change in monthly incidence appeared once in HCUP data (20 hospitals, 2012-2014). Hence, the literature may present examples of extreme outbreaks.

Indexed as

Clostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCross InfectionData AnalysisDisease OutbreaksHospitalsHumansIncidencePatient DischargeRetrospective StudiesClostridioides difficileDisease outbreaksEpidemicsEpidemiologyShort-term acute care

Identifiers

PMID32205160
PMCPMC7286777

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.