SynthesisActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2020
Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults.
Synthesis in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04649944 (Assessment of the Serological Profile of Children and Adolescents Between 4 and 16 Years of Age Cohabiting With at Least One Family Member Who Tested Positive to COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 1,180 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of the Serological Profile of Children and Adolescents Between 4 and 16 Years of Age Cohabiting With at Least One Family Member Who Tested Positive to COVID-19: an Observational Study
Who cites it
1,180 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,423 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 infection in children with blood cancer: A systematic review.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients: a systematic review.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2025Pooled it
- Postoperative outcomes of pediatric patients with perioperative COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of anesthesia · 2024Pooled it
- Booster vaccination using bivalent DS-5670a/b is safe and immunogenic against SARS-CoV-2 variants in children aged 5-11 years: a phase 2/3, randomized, active-controlled study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in young people in selected countries of the Americas.International journal for equity in health · 2026Review
- Article
- Characteristics of Mycobacterial, COVID-19, and Talaromyces Marneffei Infections in Patients with IL12RB1 and IFNGR1 Mutations in Western China.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Behavioural and Emotional Symptoms Did not Increase During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Swedish Preschool Children.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Selective IgA Deficiency and COVID-19 Outcomes: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 infection and associated death among hospitalized neonates: a national retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Childhood cancer in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic: Temporal patterns in incidence and survival in a nationwide register-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19-Associated Intussusception Presenting Atypically With Bilious Emesis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- A longitudinal comparative analysis of serum metabolomic signatures in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and MIS-C.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- The future of severe acute respiratory syndrome-cornavirus and coronavirus disease.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Coronavirus disease 19 death among infants with complications of severe acute malnutrition, Kenema district, Sierra Leone, June 2020: a case series.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) from Acute COVID-19 Using Biomarkers: Toward a Practical Clinical Scoring Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Long-Term Kidney Outcomes After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Aged 0-12 Years: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trimester of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection differentially predicts newborn size in the COVID-19 Mother Baby Outcomes (COMBO) cohort.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Analysis of common respiratory pathogens in children aged 0-5 years with community-acquired pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
1,120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people. Data on symptoms and prognosis in children are rare.
methodsA systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using the MEDLINE and Embase databases between January 1 and March 18, 2020.
resultsThe search identified 45 relevant scientific papers and letters. The review showed that children have so far accounted for 1%-5% of diagnosed COVID-19 cases, they often have milder disease than adults and deaths have been extremely rare. Diagnostic findings have been similar to adults, with fever and respiratory symptoms being prevalent, but fewer children seem to have developed severe pneumonia. Elevated inflammatory markers were less common in children, and lymphocytopenia seemed rare. Newborn infants have developed symptomatic COVID-19, but evidence of vertical intrauterine transmission was scarce. Suggested treatment included providing oxygen, inhalations, nutritional support and maintaining fluids and electrolyte balances.
conclusionsThe coronavirus disease 2019 has occurred in children, but they seemed to have a milder disease course and better prognosis than adults. Deaths were extremely rare.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.