ArticleJournal of molecular evolution2020
Reconstruction and Characterization of Thermally Stable and Catalytically Active Proteins Comprising an Alphabet of ~ 13 Amino Acids.
Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- RNA binding and coacervation promote preservation of peptide form and function across the heterochiral-homochiral divide.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Origins of Life: The Protein Folding Problem all over again?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The prebiotic emergence of biological evolution.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- The Genetic Code Assembles via Division and Fusion, Basic Cellular Events.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Why we are made of proteins and nucleic acids: Structural biology views on extraterrestrial life.Biophysics and physicobiology · 2023Article
- A Closer Look at Non-random Patterns Within Chemistry Space for a Smaller, Earlier Amino Acid Alphabet.Journal of molecular evolution · 2022Article
- Modern and prebiotic amino acids support distinct structural profiles in proteins.Open biology · 2022Article
- Peptides before and during the nucleotide world: an origins story emphasizing cooperation between proteins and nucleic acids.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Review
- Amino Acid Specificity of Ancestral Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Prior to the Last Universal Common Ancestor Commonote commonote.Journal of molecular evolution · 2022Article
- Determination of the Amino Acid Recruitment Order in Early Life by Genome-Wide Analysis of Amino Acid Usage Bias.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Fitting the standard genetic code into its triplet table.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Enzyme catalysis prior to aromatic residues: Reverse engineering of a dephospho-CoA kinase.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2021Article
- Structure, Folding and Stability of Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While extant organisms synthesize proteins using approximately 20 kinds of genetically coded amino acids, the earliest protein synthesis system is likely to have been much simpler, utilizing a reduced set of amino acids. However, which types of building blocks were involved in primordial protein synthesis remains unclear. Herein, we reconstructed three convergent sequences of an ancestral nucleoside diphosphate kinase, each comprising a 10 amino acid "alphabet," and found that two of these variants folded into soluble and stable tertiary structures. Therefore, an alphabet consisting of 10 amino acids contains sufficient information for creating stable proteins. Furthermore, re-incorporation of a few more amino acid types into the active site of the 10 amino acid variants improved the catalytic activity, although the specific activity was not as high as that of extant proteins. Collectively, our results provide experimental support for the idea that robust protein scaffolds can be built with a subset of the current 20 amino acids that might have existed abundantly in the prebiotic environment, while the other amino acids, especially those with functional sidechains, evolved to contribute to efficient enzyme catalysis.
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