ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2020
Urinary trace metals in association with fetal ultrasound measures during pregnancy.
Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of maternal exposure to trace elements and toxic metals with repeated measurements of foetal and early-childhood growth: a systematic review.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Blood Mercury, Lead, and Cadmium in Association With Fetal Ultrasound Measures During Pregnancy in General Population of Indonesian Expectant Mothers.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Partial Effects in Environmental Mixtures: Evidence and Guidance on Methods and Implications.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Associations of prenatal metal exposure with child neurodevelopment and mediation by perturbation of metabolic pathways.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epidemiologic Advances Generated by the Human Health Exposure Analysis Resource Program.Current epidemiology reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Does the Micronutrient Molybdenum Have a Role in Gestational Complications and Placental Health?Nutrients · 2023Review
- Prenatal metal(loid) mixtures and birth weight for gestational age: A pooled analysis of three cohorts participating in the ECHO program.Environment international · 2022Article
- Early pregnancy exposure to metal mixture and birth outcomes - A prospective study in Project Viva.Environment international · 2021Article
- Performance of urine, blood, and integrated metal biomarkers in relation to birth outcomes in a mixture setting.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Prenatal exposure to consumer product chemical mixtures and size for gestational age at delivery.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Umbilical Cord Blood Metal Mixtures and Birth Size in Bangladeshi Children.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- Prenatal metal mixtures and fetal size in mid-pregnancy in the MADRES study.Environmental research · 2021Article
- The mediation effect of placental weight change in the association between prenatal exposure to selenium and birth weight: Evidence from a prospective birth cohort study in China.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toxic metals have been associated with lower birth weight while essential metals have been associated with higher birth weight. Evidence for other metals is either inconsistent or limited in terms of number of studies. This study analyzed 17 urinary metals, individually and as a mixture, and their association with measures of fetal growth in the LIFECODES birth cohort. Ultrasound was used to measure abdominal circumference, head circumference, and femur length and measures were used to calculate estimated fetal weight at ~26 and ~35 weeks. We calculated the z-score based on gestational age at scan, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was combined with birth weight for longitudinal analyses. Metals were measured in samples collected at ~26 weeks. We used linear mixed effects models to examine associations between metals and repeated measures of each outcome, controlling for covariates. Principal components analysis reduced the biomarkers to predictors that may share some commonality. We found that an interquartile range increase in selenium was inversely associated with femur length z-score as well as other growth outcomes. Other essential metals, however, were associated with an increase in growth. Finally, the PCA component comprised of arsenic, mercury, and tin was associated with decreased head circumference z-score (-0.14 [95% CI: -0.23, -0.05]).
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