ArticleInternational journal of industrial ergonomics2019
BALANCING DOCUMENTATION AND DIRECT PATIENT CARE ACTIVITIES: A STUDY OF A MATURE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD SYSTEM.
Article in International journal of industrial ergonomics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantifying and Visualizing Emergency Physician Workflow: Observational Time-Motion Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Observational
- Quality Evaluation of Large Language Model-Assisted Generation of Initial Senior Physician Ward Round Records for Patients With Acute Poisoning: Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- A Patient-Centered Ethical Framework for Irritable Bowel Syndrome Care: Communication, Trust, Nutrition-Sensitive Care, and Self-Management.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Time Savings Through an AI Speech Assistant for Nursing Documentation: Pre-Post Time-Motion Study in German Long-Term Care.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Technostress among healthcare professionals in Spain: a cross-sectional survey on the impact of digital health tools.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Summarize-then-Prompt: A Novel Prompt Engineering Strategy for Generating High-Quality Discharge Summaries.Applied clinical informatics · 2025Article
- Standardized Comparison of Voice-Based Information and Documentation Systems to Established Systems in Intensive Care: Crossover Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2023Article
- Comparison of medical documentation between pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinics and physician-led anticoagulation clinics: A retrospective study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Implementing Best Practices to Redesign Workflow and Optimize Nursing Documentation in the Electronic Health Record.Applied clinical informatics · 2022Article
- Technostress and Digital Competence Among Health Professionals in Swiss Psychiatric Hospitals: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR mental health · 2021Article
- A Theoretical Framework for Understanding Creator-Consumer Information Interaction Behaviors in Healthcare Documentation Systems.Applied ergonomics · 2020Article
- Time-motion examination of electronic health record utilization and clinician workflows indicate frequent task switching and documentation burden.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2020Article
- Direct versus Indirect Nursing Care in Intensive Care Units during COVID-19 (An Observational Study).Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
US hospitals now fully embrace electronic documentation systems as a way to reduce medical errors and improve patient safety outcomes. Whether spending time on electronic documentation detracts from the time available for direct patient care, however, is still unresolved. There is no knowledge on the permanent effects of documenting electronically and whether it takes away significant time from patient care when the healthcare information system is mature. To understand the time spent on documentation, direct patient care tasks, and other clinical tasks in a mature information system, we conducted an observational and interview study in a midwestern academic hospital. The hospital implemented an electronic medical record system 11 years ago. We observed 22 health care workers across intensive care units, inpatient floors, and an outpatient clinic in the hospital. Results show that healthcare workers spend more time on documentation activities compared to patient care activities. Clinical roles have no influence on the time spent on documentation. This paper describes results on the time spent between documentation and patient care tasks, and discusses implications for future practice. RELEVANCE TO INDUSTRY: The study applies to healthcare industry that faces immense challenges in balancing documentation activities and patient care activities.
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Registered trials
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