SynthesisEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2020
The link between formal thought disorder and social functioning in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- What is being measured by formal thought disorder scales? An item-level content analysis.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Health Professionals' Attitudes Towards Traditional Healing for Mental Illness: A Systematic Review.International journal of mental health nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on semantic memory depends on anodal stimulation sites in patients with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- From thought to language: Comparing schizophrenia spectrum disorders and Wernicke's aphasia with machine learning and LLMs.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- "A room of one's own": Exploring the role of delusions and social isolation on disorganisation in thought disorder.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Speech under stress: Affective and cognitive reactivity in schizophrenia and their functional correlates.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Review
- Disorganisation and depression: a re-examination of how we think and speak when depressed.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Utility of Formal Thought Disorder Between Affective and Non-Affective Psychosis: A Machine Learning Approach.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2026Article
- Turn-taking fluency in free conversations with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The effect of impoverishment of thought in early psychosis: Influence on suicide risk via depression and aggression.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2025Article
- Use of reference markers in the speech of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Evidence from two referential communication tasks manipulating common ground with the interaction partner.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2025Article
- Investigating the causal pathways among psychopathological variables, cognitive impairment, and real-life functioning in people with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Role of Communication on Social Functioning in Schizophrenia: Verbal and Nonverbal Aspects.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025Article
- What is schizophrenia - symptomatology.CNS spectrums · 2024Review
- Social Activity in Schizotypy: Measuring Frequency and Enjoyment of Social Events.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Narrative Forewarnings: A Qualitative Analysis of the Themes Preceding Disorganized Speech in Schizophrenia.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- "Ask" or "Inquire": operationalizing speech formality in psychosis and its risk states using etymology.NPP - digital psychiatry and neuroscience · 2024Article
- Health professionals' attitudes towards traditional healing for mental illness: A systematic review protocol.PloS one · 2024Article
- Disorganized Communication and Social Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Emerging Concepts and Methods.Current psychiatry reports · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFormal thought disorder (FTD) and social functioning impairments are core symptoms of schizophrenia. Although both have been observed for over a century, the strength of the relationship between FTD and social functioning remains unclear. Furthermore, a variety of methodological approaches have been used to assess these constructs-which may contribute to inconsistency in reported associations. This meta-analysis aimed to: (a) systematically test the relationship between FTD and social functioning and (b) determine if the methodology used to assess FTD and/or social functioning moderates this relationship.
methodsFollowing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a targeted literature search was conducted on studies examining the relationship between FTD and social functioning. Correlations were extracted and used to calculate weighted mean effect sizes using a random effects model.
resultsA total of 1,478 participants across 13 unique studies were included in this meta-analysis. A small-medium inverse association (r = -0.23, p < 0.001) was observed between FTD and social functioning. Although heterogeneity analyses produced a significant Q-statistic (Q = 52.77, p = <0.001), the relationship between FTD and social functioning was not moderated by methodology, study quality, demographic variables, or clinical factors.
conclusionsFindings illustrate a negative association between FTD and social functioning. Despite differences in the methodological approach used and type of information assessed, measurement type and clinical factors did not moderate the relationship between FTD and social functioning. Future studies should explore whether other variables, such as cognitive processes (e.g., social cognition), may account for variability in associations between these constructs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.