Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32200158›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2020

Craving is impermanent and it matters: Investigating craving and cannabis use among young adults with problematic use interested in reducing use.

Matthew C Enkema, Kevin A Hallgren, Mary E Larimer

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05382273 (Cannabis Tolerance Break Resource Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05382273 completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Cannabis Tolerance Break Resource Study: T-Break Guide

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of VermontRan2021 to 2021Enrolled151ConditionsCannabis Use, Tolerance, Cannabis WithdrawalArmsT-Break Guide
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  5. Intentions matter: How planned and unplanned alcohol and cannabis use influences outcomes.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
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  9. Review
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  11. Momentary mindfulness versus distraction coping messages to reduce cannabis craving among young adults: A microrandomized trial.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Using the experience sampling method to support clinical practice: An illustration with problematic cannabis use.Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research · 2024
    Article
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  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Matthew C EnkemaCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354944, 1100 NE 45th St, Suite 300, Seattle, WA 98105, United States. Electronic address: menkema@uw.edu.
Kevin A HallgrenBehavioral Research in Technology and Engineering (BRiTE) Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 356560, Seattle, WA 98195, United States. Electronic address: khallgre@uw.edu.
Mary E LarimerCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354944, 1100 NE 45th St, Suite 300, Seattle, WA 98105, United States. Electronic address: larimer@uw.edu.
University of Washington · US

Funding

Psychology Training in Alcohol Research (PTAR)T32AA007455 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MARY E. LARIMER · 1985 to 2026
$11.4M
Developing a tool to assess, provide feedback, and facilitate discussion of mechanisms of change in frontline addiction treatmentK01AA024796 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HALLGREN, KEVIN A. · 2016 to 2020
$870k
An investigation of craving and cannabis misuse among young adults using multiple levels of analysisF31DA042503 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ENKEMA, MATTHEW · 2016 to 2017
$80k
NIAAA NIH HHS K01 AA024796NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA007455NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA042503
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rates of problematic cannabis use have nearly doubled over the last decade, and peak onset for cannabis use disorders occurs during young adulthood. Craving for cannabis is hypothesized to be an important factor that maintains cannabis use among people who desire to stop or reduce their use, including many young adults. Previous studies that used single timepoint assessment methods to demonstrate a link between craving and cannabis use have found mixed predictive utility of measurements. The impermanent, or time-varying nature of craving may be responsible for mixed findings, leading to inaccuracies in retrospective recall and greater difficulty measuring craving and detecting its association with cannabis use. The current study compared intensive longitudinal assessments and single timepoint assessments predicting cannabis use among young adults with problematic cannabis use who reported a desire to reduce their use. Participants (N = 80) completed a baseline craving questionnaire and intensive longitudinal assessments of momentary craving and cannabis use up to four times per day for 14 days. Results suggested that averaged momentary craving predicted cannabis use above-and-beyond craving measured at baseline. An increase of one SD above the sample-mean for averaged momentary craving increased the probability of cannabis use by 367 %, while a one SD increase in baseline craving was only associated with a 49 % increase. Findings suggest that asking young adults who want to cut back on their cannabis use about their craving at a single timepoint may not be as clinically useful as tracking cravings repeatedly in near real-time and in ecologically valid contexts.

Indexed as

Ecological Momentary AssessmentAdultCannabisCravingFemaleHumansMaleMarijuana AbuseProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAddictionCannabisCravingIntensive longitudinal assessmentMeasurement

Identifiers

PMID32200158
PMCPMC7360486
OpenAlexW3011274177

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.