ArticleACR open rheumatology2020
Increased Mortality in Asians With Systemic Sclerosis in Northern California.
Article in ACR open rheumatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased risk of mortality in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary hypertension: a systemic review and meta-analysis.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Predictive factors for interstitial lung disease progression in a Singapore systemic sclerosis cohort: a multicentre study.Singapore medical journal · 2026Article
- Racial and ethnic associations with interstitial lung disease and healthcare utilization in patients with systemic sclerosis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Advancing Gastrointestinal Microbiota Research in Systemic Sclerosis: Lessons Learned from Prior Research and Opportunities to Accelerate Discovery.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2025Review
- A scoping review of the epidemiology of systemic sclerosis and its organ manifestations: 2018-2024.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2025Article
- A Prospective Observational Study of Disease Severity and Mortality in Hispanic American Patients With Systemic Sclerosis.Arthritis care & research · 2024Observational
- Exploratory clinical subgroup clustering in systemic sclerosis: Results from the Indian Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Registry.Journal of scleroderma and related disorders · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and survival of pulmonary arterial hypertension with or without interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Can Pharmacogenetic Variants inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Role of Anti-U1 RNP Antibody in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Systemic sclerosis in Asians: Are there racial differences?Journal of scleroderma and related disorders · 2022Review
- Disparities in Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2022Review
- A comprehensive framework for navigating patient care in systemic sclerosis: A global response to the need for improving the practice of diagnostic and preventive strategies in SSc.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2021Review
- The racial/ethnic and sociocultural aspects of the pandemic in rheumatology.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate racial/ethnic differences in disease manifestations and survival in a US cohort of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), with a focus on Asian patients.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among Kaiser Permanente Northern California adults with an incident SSc diagnosis by a rheumatologist from 2007 to 2016, confirmed by a chart review to fulfill 2013 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria. Self-reported race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic white, Asian, Hispanic, and black. Disease manifestations and survival were compared, using white patients as the reference.
resultsA total of 609 patients with incident SSc were identified: 89% were women, and 81% had limited cutaneous SSc, with a mean age at diagnosis of 55.4 ± 14.8 years. The racial/ethnic distribution was 51% non-Hispanic white (n = 310), 25% Hispanic (n = 154), 16% Asian (n = 96), and 8% black (n = 49). Compared with white patients, black patients had a greater prevalence of diffuse disease (14.5% vs. 44.9%; P < 0.001), and Asians had higher rates of anti-U1-RNP antibodies (32.1% vs. 11.9%; P = 0.005). Nine-year overall survival rates following SSc diagnosis were lower in Asian (52.3%), black (52.2%), and Hispanic patients (68.2%) compared with white patients (75.8%). Pulmonary hypertension and infections were the leading causes of death in Asian patients. Asian race was associated with higher mortality on univariable (hazard ratio [HR] 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.99]; P = 0.020) and multivariable analyses (HR 1.80 [95% CI 0.99-3.16]; P = 0.047) when adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, cutaneous subtype, smoking status, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, renal crisis, and malabsorption syndrome.
conclusionAsian patients with SSc in this US cohort had increased mortality compared with white patients. These patients warrant close monitoring for disease progression.
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Registered trials
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