ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2021
A comparative study on the raw chitin and chitosan yields of common bio-waste from Philippine seafood.
Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sustainable Production of Chitosan from Mussel Shells with Upcycling of Demineralization Effluent into Calcium Formate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Valorization of Mussel Shell Waste to Chitin, Chitosan, and Calcium Lactate for Bio-Green-Circular Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Extraction of Chitin, Chitosan, and Calcium Acetate from Mussel Shells for Sustainable Waste Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Utilization of natural and waste sources for synthesis of cellulose, chitin, and chitosan for a suitable environment.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering: Crosslinking, Printing Techniques, and Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Optimization of protease production by Bacillus cereus HMRSC30 for simultaneous extraction of chitin from shrimp shell with value-added recovered products.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Small but Terrible: Utilizing Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers to Treat Tuberculosis in the Philippines.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Bio-waste materials from aquatic species are alternative sources of chitin and chitosan-high-value natural biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. More than 250,000 metric tons of shell, scale, and carapace waste are produced in the Philippines. An evaluation of the quality of raw chitin and chitosan yields from the bio-waste materials of Asian green mussel (Perna viridis), tropical oyster (Crassostrea iredalei), milkfish (Chanos chanos), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and king mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) is needed for the sustainable sourcing. The mild extraction method done in this study showed significantly higher yields of chitin and chitosan for S. serrata and P. viridis (p = 0.001), with chemical structure confirmed through FTIR-ATR analysis. Elemental analysis showed pure extracts from S. serrata, P. viridis, and C. iredalei (N = 6.43-7.01%; DA = 98.7-104.1%). Extracts from the fish scales have high moisture content and glycoprotein contamination. Protein content, determined using UV-VIS spectrophotometry, was found to be significantly less in P. viridis and may be related to the fineness of particle size after grinding. It is recommended to improve the protocol to increase yield across all bio-waste materials, including additional tests to determine the quality of chitin and chitosan extracted, and to check water and oil holding capacities of the extracts to identify the best downstream applications of the varied chitin and chitosan qualities from each source.
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