ArticleMedical mycology2020
Assessing the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans causing meningitis in HIV infected and uninfected patients in Vietnam.
Article in Medical mycology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary Cryptococcal Cellulitis With High Antigenemia in an Immunocompromised Host: A Case Report and Laboratory Investigation of the CausativeOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Vaccine-Mediated Protection of Mice Against African and Asian Clinical Strains ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The hypervirulent Type-1/Type-17 phenotype ofInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Cryptococcal meningitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Susceptibility to Cryptococcus neoformans Infection with Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Importance of Clinical Isolates inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- ExploringJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prospective bacterial and fungal sources of hyaluronic acid: A review.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Review
- Associations betweenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The interplay of phenotype and genotype in Cryptococcus neoformans disease.Bioscience reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We previously observed a substantial burden of cryptococcal meningitis in Vietnam atypically arising in individuals who are uninfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This disease was associated with a single genotype of Cryptococcus neoformans (sequence type [ST]5), which was significantly less common in HIV-infected individuals. Aiming to compare the phenotypic characteristics of ST5 and non-ST5 C. neoformans, we selected 30 representative Vietnamese isolates and compared their in vitro pathogenic potential and in vivo virulence. ST5 and non-ST5 organisms exhibited comparable characteristics with respect to in vitro virulence markers including melanin production, replication at 37°C, and growth in cerebrospinal fluid. However, the ST5 isolates had significantly increased variability in cellular and capsular sizing compared with non-ST5 organisms (P < .001). Counterintuitively, mice infected with ST5 isolates had significantly longer survival with lower fungal burdens at day 7 than non-ST5 isolates. Notably, ST5 isolates induced significantly greater initial inflammatory responses than non-ST5 strains, measured by TNF-α concentrations (P < .001). Despite being generally less virulent in the mouse model, we hypothesize that the significant within strain variation seen in ST5 isolates in the tested phenotypes may represent an evolutionary advantage enabling adaptation to novel niches including apparently immunocompetent human hosts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.