ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2020
The IGF/Insulin-IGFBP Axis in Corneal Development, Wound Healing, and Disease.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06956846 (Efficacy of Topical Insuline Drops in Corneal Epithelial Healing Post PRK in Non Diabetic Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Topical Insuline Drops in Corneal Epithelial Healing Post PRK in Non Diabetic Patients: an Randomized-controlled Trial
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploratory Phase II Multicenter, Open-Label, Clinical Trial of ST266, a Novel Secretome for Treatment of Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Trial
- A bioactivity-enhanced thermosensitive amnion-derived hydrogel with sustained IGF-1 release: A multitargeted and efficient strategy for corneal injury repair.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Self-assembling biomimetic peptide hydrogel regulates tissue homeostasis to promote repair of persistent corneal epithelial defects.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Promotes Corneal Myofibroblast Survival and Sustains Corneal Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Re: Saludares et al: A Phase I Randomized Trial of Topical Insulin for Glaucoma: Safety and Efficacy Outcomes (Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Beyond the membrane: Internalization and compartmentalization of insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor signaling in cancer pathogenesis and treatment (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- The Therapeutic Approach and Mechanism of Action of Insulin Eye Drops for the Treatment of Neurotrophic Keratitis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Effects of the α-ketoglutaric acid on the performance, hair follicle development and antioxidant capacity of Rex rabbits.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2025Article
- Challenge of Corneal Ulcer Healing: A Novel Conceptual Framework, the "Triad" of Corneal Ulcer Healing/Corneal Neovascularization/Intraocular Pressure, and Avascular Tendon Healing, for Evaluation of Corneal Ulcer Therapy, Therapy of Neovascularization, Glaucoma Therapy, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Efficacy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Can Insulin Drops Accelerate Corneal Healing After Corneal Cross-Linking? A Preliminary Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Blood Derivatives in the Therapy of Ocular Surface Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Type 2 diabetes complicated by dry eye syndrome: Analysis of dry eye symptoms, corneal neuropathy, and influencing factors.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Tear Fluid Biomarkers in Diabetic Ocular Surface Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- 4D marmoset brain map reveals MRI and molecular signatures for onset of multiple sclerosis-like lesions.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Enhancing Corneal Sensitivity in Diabetic Patients Through an Innovative Ophthalmic Solution: In Vivo and Vitro Results.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Discovery of Glucose Metabolism-Associated Genes in Neuropathic Pain: Insights from Bioinformatics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Role of Immune Cells and Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Eye Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Mouse Corneal Immune Cell Heterogeneity Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Immune-Mediated Ocular Surface Disease in Diabetes Mellitus-Clinical Perspectives and Treatment: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family plays key roles in growth and development. In the cornea, IGF family members have been implicated in proliferation, differentiation, and migration, critical events that maintain a smooth refracting surface that is essential for vision. The IGF family is composed of multiple ligands, receptors, and ligand binding proteins. Expression of IGF type 1 receptor (IGF-1R), IGF type 2 receptor (IGF-2R), and insulin receptor (INSR) in the cornea has been well characterized, including the presence of the IGF-1R and INSR hybrid (Hybrid-R) in the corneal epithelium. Recent data also indicates that each of these receptors display unique intracellular localization. Thus, in addition to canonical ligand binding at the plasma membrane and the initiation of downstream signaling cascades, IGF-1R, INSR, and Hybrid-R also function to regulate mitochondrial stability and nuclear gene expression. IGF-1 and IGF-2, two of three principal ligands, are polypeptide growth factors that function in all cellular layers of the cornea. Unlike IGF-1 and IGF-2, the hormone insulin plays a unique role in the cornea, different from many other tissues in the body. In the corneal epithelium, insulin is not required for glucose uptake, due to constitutive activation of the glucose transporter, GLUT1. However, insulin is needed for the regulation of metabolism, circadian rhythm, autophagy, proliferation, and migration after wounding. There is conflicting evidence regarding expression of the six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), which function primarily to sequester IGF ligands. Within the cornea, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 have identified roles in tissue homeostasis. While IGFBP-3 regulates growth control and intracellular receptor localization in the corneal epithelium, both IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 function in corneal fibroblast differentiation and myofibroblast proliferation, key events in stromal wound healing. IGFBP-2 has also been linked to cellular overgrowth in pterygium. There is a clear role for IGF family members in regulating tissue homeostasis in the cornea. This review summarizes what is known regarding the function of IGF and related proteins in corneal development, during wound healing, and in the pathophysiology of disease. Finally, we highlight key areas of research that are in need of future study.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.