ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
Genetically targeted chemical assembly of functional materials in living cells, tissues, and animals.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- PRADA enables in vivo peroxidase proximity labeling for multiomics.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Multiomic proximity labeling in vivo by D-amino-acid-activated peroxidase reaction.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Bioinspired organic materials for seamless neurohybrid interfaces: from material design to living electronics.Materials horizons · 2026Review
- Biomimetic graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles for multiscale photomodulation and therapeutic intervention.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Genetically targeted dyes light up cell-specific abiotic synthesis.Nature chemistry · 2026Article
- Genetically targeted photocatalytic organic dyes for spatiotemporally controlled organic synthesis in specific living cells.Nature chemistry · 2026Article
- Conductive Hydrogels for Exogenous Sensing and Cell Fate Control.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Suspension polymerization of bioelectronic interfaces on living cells.Materials horizons · 2026Article
- Blood-catalyzed n-doped polymers for reversible optical neural control.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- In Situ Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks Inside Cells for Triggering Ferroptosis and Immunotherapy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Acoustic printing of conductive polymers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Multiscale Design of Dental Restorative Materials: Mechanistic Foundations, Technological Innovations, and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Materials and device strategies to enhance spatiotemporal resolution in bioelectronics.Nature reviews. Materials · 2025Article
- Implantable bioelectronic devices for photoelectrochemical and electrochemical modulation of cells and tissues.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Designer mammalian living materials through genetic engineering.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Leveraging biomimetic materials for bioelectronics.Matter · 2025Article
- Enzymatically Polymerized Organic Conductors on Native Lipid Membranes.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2024Article
- Recent Advances and Developments in Injectable Conductive Polymer Gels for Bioelectronics.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- From synthetic vesicles to living cells: Anchoring conducting polymers to cell membrane.Science advances · 2024Article
- In Vivo Photopolymerization: Achieving Detailed Conducting Patterns for Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The structural and functional complexity of multicellular biological systems, such as the brain, are beyond the reach of human design or assembly capabilities. Cells in living organisms may be recruited to construct synthetic materials or structures if treated as anatomically defined compartments for specific chemistry, harnessing biology for the assembly of complex functional structures. By integrating engineered-enzyme targeting and polymer chemistry, we genetically instructed specific living neurons to guide chemical synthesis of electrically functional (conductive or insulating) polymers at the plasma membrane. Electrophysiological and behavioral analyses confirmed that rationally designed, genetically targeted assembly of functional polymers not only preserved neuronal viability but also achieved remodeling of membrane properties and modulated cell type-specific behaviors in freely moving animals. This approach may enable the creation of diverse, complex, and functional structures and materials within living systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.