ArticleBMJ open2020
Achieving Control of Asthma in Children in Africa (ACACIA): protocol of an observational study of children's lung health in six sub-Saharan African countries.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers and determinants of asthma control in children and adolescents in Africa: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Asthma in African children and adolescents: Burden, barriers, and management strategies.African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence and determinants of uncontrolled asthma among secondary school-going adolescents in Kampala City, Uganda: findings from a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Using theatre to transform understanding and attitudes about asthma in African adolescents.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- 'It makes us sick': experiences of air pollution among children with asthma and their caregivers in African countries.IJTLD open · 2025Article
- Characterising sources of PMThe Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Article
- A cross-country qualitative analysis of teachers' perceptions of asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2023Article
- Barriers to childhood asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry qualitative study with children and their caregivers.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Prevalence, severity and risk factors for asthma in school-going adolescents in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- MICROS: Asthma Control App for School Adolescents in a Low Resource Setting - A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Article
- Severe asthma in South Africa: A literature review and management approach for primary care.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2021Review
- A historical overview of childhood asthma in southern Africa: Are we there yet?African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2021Article
- Medical Personnel's Utilization of Management Protocol for Pediatric Asthma Emergencies.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLittle is known about asthma control in the rising number of African children who suffer from this condition. The Achieving Control of Asthma in Children in Africa (ACACIA) study is an observational study collecting evidence about paediatric asthma in urban areas of Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. The primary objectives are: (1) to identify 3000 children aged between 12 years and 14 years with asthma symptoms; and (2) to assess their asthma control, current treatment, knowledge of and attitudes to asthma and barriers to achieving good control. Secondary objective is to develop interventions addressing identified barriers to good symptom control. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Each centre will undertake screening to identify 500 school children with asthma symptoms using questions from the Global Asthma Network's questionnaire. Children identified to have asthma symptoms will fill in a digital survey, including: Asthma Control Test, questions on medication usage and adherence, medical care, the Brief-Illness Perception questionnaire and environmental factors. Exhaled nitric oxide testing and prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator spirometry will be performed. A subgroup of children will participate in focus group discussions. Results will be analysed using descriptive statistics and comparative analysis. Informed by these results, we will assess the feasibility of potential interventions, including the adaption of a UK-based theatre performance about asthma attitudes and digital solutions to improve asthma management. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The ACACIA study has been reviewed by the Queen Mary University of London Ethics of Research Committee in the UK. All African centres have received local ethical approval for this study. Study results will be published in academic journals and at conferences. Study outputs will be communicated to the public via newsfeeds on the ACACIA website and Twitter, and through news media outlets and other local dissemination. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: 269211.
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