Trial reportBMJ open2020
Implementing a hybrid cognitive-behavioural therapy for pain-related insomnia in primary care: lessons learnt from a mixed-methods feasibility study.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital CBT for insomnia and emotion regulation in the workplace: a randomised waitlist-controlled trial.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
- Understanding the Significance of Chronic Non-cancer Pain in Patients Undergoing Polysomnography and Identifying Predictors of Increased Pain Interference.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Mental Defeat Predicts Increased Suicide Risk in Chronic Pain: A 12-Month Prospective Study.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Imbalances in the Content of Sleep and Pain Assessments in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Scoping Review.F1000Research · 2025Article
- The Management of Chronic Pain: Re-Centring Person-Centred Care.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- The Putative Role of Neuroinflammation in the Interaction between Traumatic Brain Injuries, Sleep, Pain and Other Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Challenges and visions for managing pain-related insomnia in primary care using the hybrid CBT approach: a small-scale qualitative interview study with GPs, nurses, and practice managers.BMC family practice · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo test the feasibility of implementing a brief but intensive hybrid cognitive behavioural therapy (Hybrid CBT) for pain-related insomnia.
designMixed-methods, with qualitative process evaluation on a two-arm randomised controlled feasibility trial.
settingPrimary care.
participantsTwenty-five adult patients with chronic pain and insomnia.
interventionHybrid CBT or self-help control intervention. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes measures were the Insomnia Severity Index and interference scale of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Secondary outcomes measures were the present pain intensity rating from the BPI, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and EQ-5D-5L.
resultsFourteen participants were randomised to receive Hybrid CBT, 11 to receive the self-help control treatment. Of the 14 in the Hybrid CBT group, 9 (64%) completed all four treatment sessions (4 discontinued due to poor health; 1 due to time constraints). Adherence to the self-help control treatment was not monitored. The total number of participants completing the 12-week and 24-week follow-ups were 12 (6 in each group; Hybrid CBT: 43%; self-help: 55%) and 10 (5 in each group; Hybrid CBT: 36%; self-help: 45%). Based on the data available, candidate outcome measures appeared to be sensitive to changes associated with interventions. Thematic analysis of pre-postintervention interview data revealed satisfaction with treatment content among those who completed the Hybrid CBT, whereas those in the self-help control treatment wanted more contact hours and therapist guidance. Other practical suggestions for improvement included shortening the duration of each treatment session, reducing the amount of assessment paperwork, and minimising the burden of sleep and pain monitoring.
conclusionImportant lessons were learnt with regard to the infrastructure required to achieve better patient adherence and retention. Based on the qualitative feedback provided by a subset of treatment completers, future trials should also consider lowering the intensity of treatment and streamlining the data collection procedure. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN17294365.
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