Trial reportJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2020
Clinical application of individualized 3D-printed navigation template to children with cubitus varus deformity.
Trial report in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical added value of 3D printed patient-specific guides in orthopedic surgery (excluding knee arthroplasty): a systematic review.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy Evaluation of 3D Navigational Template for Salter Osteotomy of DDH in Children.BioMed research international · 2021Trial
- Functional and electrophysiological outcomes following surgical treatment of cubitus varus associated with tardy ulnar nerve palsy: A case series.Shoulder & elbow · 2026Article
- Efficacy of 3D-printed surgical guides in the correction of pediatric cubitus varus deformity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JSES international · 2026Review
- Strategies for surgical reconstruction of complex elbow deformities based on patient-specific instruments - a case series and narrative review.Innovative surgical sciences · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional correction of cubitus varus deformity using patient-specific 3D-printed osteotomy guides.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- 3D accurate osteotomy for pediatric cubitus varus deformity using a custom-matched surgical osteotomy template combined with a reduction template via a limited lateral incision: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Review
- [Biomechanical characteristics and clinical application of three-dimensional printed osteotomy guide plate combined with Ilizarov technique in treatment of rigid clubfoot].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
- Computer-simulated mirror osteotomy in the treatment of post-traumatic cubitus varus deformity in children.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- A review of novel methods to assist digital planning and execution of osteotomy for upper limb deformities.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Review
- Three-dimensional-printing-guided preoperative planning of upper and lower extremity pediatric orthopedic surgeries: A systematic review of surgical outcomes.Journal of children's orthopaedics · 2024Review
- Three-dimensional corrective osteotomy for cubitus varus deformity using patient-matched instruments.JSES international · 2024Review
- Preoperative Three-Dimensional Planning of Screw Length is not Reliable in Osteotomies of the Humerus and Forearm.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2024Article
- Clinical application of 3D printing-assisted patient-specific instrument osteotomy guide in stiff clubfoot: preliminary findings.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Guided Growth for the Treatment of Cubitus Varus in Children: Medium- to Long-Term Results.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- 3D accuracy and clinical outcomes of corrective osteotomies with patient-specific instruments in complex upper extremity deformities: an approach for investigation and correlation.European journal of medical research · 2022Article
- Clinical applications and prospects of 3D printing guide templates in orthopaedics.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2022Review
- Three-dimensional printing in paediatric orthopaedic surgery.World journal of orthopedics · 2022Article
- Application of 3D printed patient-specific instruments in the treatment of large tibial bone defects by the Ilizarov technique of distraction osteogenesis.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCubitus varus deformity is a common sequela of elbow fractures in children. Cubitus varus deformity treatment is tending toward 3D correction, which is challenging for orthopedic surgeons. This study aims to explore whether individualized 3D-printed navigation templates can assist with accurate and effective corrective treatment of children with cubitus varus deformity.
methodsThirty-five patients were treated for cubitus varus deformity from June 2015 to April 2017, including 21 boys and 14 girls, aged 4.6-13.2 years (average, 7.5 years). Of these cases, 17 deformities were on the left side and 18 were on the right side. All were treated with wedge osteotomy of the lateral distal humerus. 3D-printed navigation templates were used in 16 cases, while traditional surgery was used in 19 cases. All patients underwent computed tomography scans before surgery. Computer software was used to analyze the measurements and design and print individualized navigation templates. The navigation templates were matched, and surgery was initially simulated. Intraoperative individualized navigation templates were used to assist with accurate osteotomy and Kirschner wire fixation. Operation times were recorded in all cases, the carrying angles before and after surgery were assessed by computer, and postoperative elbow joint function was evaluated using Bellemore criteria. All measurement data were presented as means ± SD, and Student's t test was used to examine differences between groups. All count data between both groups were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test analysis.
resultsAll individualized navigation templates matched well with the corresponding anatomical markers and were consistent with preoperative planning, simulated surgery, and intraoperative procedures. Average operation times from clear exposure to fixed Kirschner wire were 11.69 min (9.6-13.5 min) for the individualized navigation template group and 22.89 min (17.7-26.8 min) for the traditional operation group (p < 0.001). Average differences in postoperation carrying angles between affected and healthy sides were 1.13° (0-2.0°) and 4.21° (0-7.5°), respectively (p < 0.001). Follow-up 6-12 months postoperation showed that elbow function did not differ significantly between groups using the Bellemore criteria (p > 0.05).
conclusionsIndividualized navigation templates simplify procedures, reduce operation time, and improve accuracy when used in orthopedic surgery to treat children with cubitus varus deformity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.