ArticleBrain and behavior2020
Simultaneous intrathecal injection of muscimol and endomorphin-1 alleviates neuropathic pain in rat model of spinal cord injury.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of the calf grimace scale for pain and stress assessment in castrated Angus beef calves.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of photobiomodulation therapy (117 and 90s) on pain, regeneration, and epigenetic factors (HDAC 2, DNMT3a) expression following spinal cord injury in a rat model.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2023Article
- Muscimol as a treatment for nerve injury-related neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.The Korean journal of pain · 2023Article
- Spinal cord injury leads to more neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of aged male rats compared to young rats.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
- Spinal Cord Injury Provoked Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity, and Their GABAergic Connection.Neurospine · 2022Article
- The Options for Neuraxial Drug Administration.CNS drugs · 2022Review
- Mycotherapy: Potential of Fungal Bioactives for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders and Morbidities of Chronic Pain.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Emerging Evidence for Intrathecal Management of Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Neurometabolite Levels and Relevance to Central Sensitization in Chronic Orofacial Pain Patients: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.Journal of pain research · 2022Article
- Standardization of an experimental model of intradural injection after spinal cord injury in rats.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2021Article
- Simultaneous intrathecal injection of muscimol and endomorphin-1 alleviates neuropathic pain in rat model of spinal cord injury.Brain and behavior · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDue to side effects of medications used for chronic pain, combination therapy seems to be an appropriate solution for alleviation of chronic pain and reducing the side effects. The role of inhibitory GABA system is well proven in reducing neuropathic pain. Also, special attention has been focused on endogenous morphine (endomorphins) in reducing chronic pain originates from damage to the nervous system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the analgesic effect of simultaneous administration of GABA agonist and endomorphin-1 on neuropathic pain in rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). The role of oxidative stress, NR1 subunits of NMDA receptors, and α
methodsSpinal cord at level of T6-T8 was compressed. Three weeks after spinal cord injury, muscimol and endomorphin-1 were injected (intrathecally once a day for 7 days) individually or in combination. Mechanical and cold allodynia, thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia were evaluated before injection and 15 and 60 min after injection. At the end of behavioral experiments, histological and biochemical evaluations were done on prepared spinal cord samples.
resultsIsobologram results showed that combination therapy significantly increased the pain threshold comparing to injection of endomorphin-1 (EM) or muscimol alone. Histological studies indicated the increased expression of α2 subunits of GABA receptors, and NR1 subunits of NMDA receptors in the spinal cord. The combination therapy also increased the glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the spinal cord.
conclusionSimultaneous administration of muscimol and endomorphine-1 could be a new candidate for alleviation of pain resulting from spinal cord injury.
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