ArticleArchives of toxicology2020
Time- and temperature-dependent postmortem concentration changes of the (synthetic) cannabinoids JWH-210, RCS-4, as well as ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol following pulmonary administration to pigs.
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synthetic cannabinoids in human post-mortem samples - ADB-BUTINACA and metabolites in three fatalities.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Toxicokinetics and postmortem redistribution of amantadine in rats.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating the value of entomotoxicology in forensic toxicology casework using the first minipig model.Forensic toxicology · 2025Article
- Does a carboxamide moiety alter the toxicokinetics of synthetic cannabinoids? A study after pulmonary and intravenous administration of cumyl-5F-P7AICA to pigs.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Does a postmortem redistribution affect the concentrations of the 7 azaindole-derived synthetic cannabinoid 5F-MDMB-P7AICA in tissues and body fluids following pulmonary administration to pigs?Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- "Spice"-related deaths in and around Munich, Germany: A retrospective look at the role of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists in our post-mortem cases over a seven-year period (2014-2020).International journal of legal medicine · 2023Article
- Synthetic Cannabinoid-Related Deaths in England, 2012-2019.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Article
- Unexpected results found in larvae samples from two postmortem forensic cases.Forensic toxicology · 2022Article
- Toxicokinetics of U-47700, tramadol, and their main metabolites in pigs following intravenous administration: is a multiple species allometric scaling approach useful for the extrapolation of toxicokinetic parameters to humans?Archives of toxicology · 2021Article
- Quantitation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists in Postmortem Blood Using a Single Point Calibration.Academic forensic pathology · 2021Article
- Is adipose tissue suitable for detection of (synthetic) cannabinoids? A comparative study analyzing antemortem and postmortem specimens following pulmonary administration of JWH-210, RCS-4, as well as ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol to pigs.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In forensic toxicology, interpretation of postmortem (PM) drug concentrations might be complicated due to the lack of data concerning drug stability or PM redistribution (PMR). Regarding synthetic cannabinoids (SC), only sparse data are available, which derived from single case reports without any knowledge of dose and time of consumption. Thus, a controlled pig toxicokinetic study allowing for examination of PMR of SC was performed. Twelve pigs received a pulmonary dose of 200 µg/kg BW each of 4-ethylnaphthalene-1-yl-(1-pentylindole-3-yl)methanone (JWH-210), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(1-pentyl-indole-3-yl)methanone (RCS-4), and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol via an ultrasonic nebulizer. Eight hours after, the pigs were put to death with T61 and specimens of relevant tissues and body fluids were collected. Subsequently, the animals were stored at room temperature (n = 6) or 4 °C (n = 6) and further samples were collected after 24, 48, and 72 h each. Concentrations were determined following enzymatic cleavage and solid-phase extraction by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry applying the standard addition approach. High concentrations of the parent compounds were observed in lung, liver, kidney and bile fluid/duodenum content as well as brain. HO-RCS-4 was the most prevalent metabolite detected in PM specimens. In general, changes of PM concentrations were found in every tissue and body fluid depending on the PM interval as well as storage temperature.
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