ReviewMediterranean journal of rheumatology2019
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: An update.
Review in Mediterranean journal of rheumatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in complex regional pain syndrome: a systematic review.Pain management · 2025Pooled it
- Acupuncture versus rehabilitation for post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Economic evaluation of management strategies for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Skin biomarkers associated with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type I: a systematic review.Rheumatology international · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Prednisolone on Clinical and Cytokine mRNA Profiling in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Trial
- Translatome profiling of spinal cord astrocytes reveals distinct gene signatures associated with acute and chronic pain.iScience · 2026Article
- Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Following Fractures: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Clinical Outcomes of Pregabalin Therapy in Adults with Type I Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Series.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Is there an association between digital oximetry desaturation and changes in somatosensory-evoked potentials during anterior lumbar interbody fusion?Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- Peripheral Neuromodulation: Type 2 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Secondary to an Excisional Biopsy.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Neurocognitive Interventions Informed by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Principles and Physical Exercise for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical and Molecular Barriers to Understanding the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Weathering the Pain: Ambient Temperature's Role in Chronic Pain Syndromes.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Ketamine Infusion for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Treatment: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Examining the effects of race/ethnicity and other factors on outcomes of care for complex regional pain syndrome type 1 in the United States.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Association Between Chronic Pain and Jumping-to-Conclusions Behaviour.Pain research & management · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of post-stroke complex regional pain syndrome.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- A brief review of complex regional pain syndrome and current management.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a perplexing painful syndrome of the extremities usually following a harmful event. It is distinguished in two types, mainly depending on the presence of nerve injury. Although its prevalence may vary depending on social and ethnic factors, middle-aged women seem to suffer most often and the upper limb is the most commonly affected extremity. Apart from pain, which is the dominating feature, the clinical picture unfolds across several domains: sensory, motor, autonomic and trophic. This syndrome develops in two phases, the acute (warm) phase, with the classic symptoms of inflammation, and the chronic (cold) phase, often characterized by trophic changes of the soft tissues and even bones. Although the syndrome has been studied for over two decades, no imaging or laboratory test has been established for the diagnosis and recently proposed diagnostic criteria have not yet been validated and are only occasionally applied. Its pathophysiology is still quite obscure, although the most likely mechanisms involve the classic and neurogenic paths of inflammation mediated by cytokines and neuropeptides, intertwined with changes of the autonomic and central nervous system, psychological mechanisms and, perhaps, autoimmunity. Although plenty of treatment modalities have been tried, none has been proven unequivocally efficacious. Apart from information and education, which should be offered to all patients, the most effective pharmacological treatments seem to be bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids and vasoactive mediators, while physical therapy and rehabilitation therapy also make part of the treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.