ArticleBioMed research international2020
Diagnosis of Patent Foramen Ovale: The Combination of Contrast Transcranial Doppler, Contrast Transthoracic Echocardiography, and Contrast Transesophageal Echocardiography.
Article in BioMed research international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler and contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography for right to left shunt in patent foramen ovale: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Nurse-led preprocedural Valsalva maneuver training with a maximal expiratory pressure device during transesophageal echocardiography in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study.Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2026Article
- Abnormal baseline brain activity in migraine without aura with versus without patent foramen ovale: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- High-density contrast echocardiography for patent foramen ovale assessment: sensitivity and relationship with invasively measured shunt severity and atrial septum morphology.Echo research and practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of left atrial strain in patent foramen ovale patients with right-to-left shunt and its prediction of cryptogenic stroke.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026Article
- Right-to-left shunt detectionWorld journal of radiology · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence diagnosis of patent foramen ovale in contrast transthoracic echocardiography.iScience · 2024Article
- Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for patent foramen ovale detection.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Contrast-enhanced transcranial doppler versus contrast transthoracic echocardiography for right-to-left shunt diagnosis.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2023Article
- Transesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale only uses the sheath.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2023Article
- Agitated saline with 10% blood increases number and stability of microbubbles in detection right-to-left shunt by contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler: anJournal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Case report: Anxiety and depression as initial symptoms in a patient with acute hypoxia and patent foramen ovale.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Synchronous multimode ultrasound for assessing right-to-left shunt: a prospective clinical study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Change in patent foramen ovale height is associated with cryptogenic stroke and the construction of a morphology-based scoring system.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- The Relationship Between Patent Foramen Ovale and Unexplained Dizziness: A Prospective Analysis in China.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022Article
- Platypnea Orthodeoxia Due to a Patent Foramen Ovale and Intrapulmonary Shunting After Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia.The American journal of case reports · 2021Article
- Stroke Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke.Current cardiology reports · 2021Review
- Applicability of Transthoracic Contrast Echocardiography for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Integrated assessment of contrast-enhanced TCD and TTE for noninvasive detection of patent foramen ovale under resting and Valsalva conditions.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo access the distinct values of contrast transcranial Doppler (cTCD), contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE), and contrast transesophageal echocardiography (cTEE) in the diagnosis of right-to-left shunt (RLS) due to patent foramen ovale (PFO) and to define the most practical strategy for the diagnosis of PFO.
methods102 patients with a high clinical suspicion for PFO had simultaneous cTCD, cTTE, and cTEE performed. The agitated saline mixed with blood was used to detect right-to-left shunt (RLS).
resultsIn all 102 patients, the shunt was detected at rest by cTCD in 60.78% of cases, by cTTE in 42.16%, and by cTEE in 47.06%. The positive results of all 3 techniques with Valsalva maneuver (VM) were significantly improved. cTCD showed higher pick-up rate than cTTE (98.04% vs. 89.22%;
conclusionsThe best method to diagnose PFO should be the combination of cTCD, cTTE, and cTEE. And cTCD should be applied as the first choice for screening RLS. Then, cTTE should be performed to quantify the severity of the shunt. Last but not least, cTEE should be performed to assess the morphologies of PFO when the closure is planned. The study provides for clinicians the most practical strategy for diagnosing PFO in the future. However, further trials with a large sample size are required to confirm this finding.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.