ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Heterogeneity of Liver Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- When to consider an inborn error of immunity: clues for physicians.Internal medicine journal · 2026Review
- Liver Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Current Evidence and Knowledge Gaps.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Prognostic Impact of Enteropathy and Liver Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Hepatic Vascular Involvement in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency (DADA2): Case Reports and Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Non-invasive assessment of hepatic involvement in common variable immunodeficiency and agammaglobulinemia using enhanced liver fibrosis score and shearwave elastography.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma With Rare Metastasis Locations in a Younger Patient: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Immunodeficiencies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A Broad Spectrum of Liver Manifestations in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Two Case Reports and a Literature Overview.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genomic profiling at a single center cracks the code in inborn errors of immunity.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the Mechanisms of the Antioxidants BHA, BHT, and TBHQ in Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, and Neurotoxicity from the Perspective of Network Toxicology.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Burden of Non-Infectious Organ-Specific Immunopathology in Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- HeterozygousInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Clinical and experimental treatment of primary humoral immunodeficiencies.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- The Scope and Impact of Viral Infections in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and CVID-like Disorders: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Differential Diagnosis: Hepatic Complications in Inborn Errors of Immunity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Management of liver disease and portal hypertension in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Review
- Is there a role for microbiome-based approach in common variable immunodeficiency?Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Dysbiosis and primary B-cell immunodeficiencies: current knowledge and future perspective.Immunologic research · 2023Review
- Disturbed lipid profile in common variable immunodeficiency - a pathogenic loop of inflammation and metabolic disturbances.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Clinical manifestations and approach to the management of patients with common variable immunodeficiency and liver disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary immunodeficiency (PID) in adulthood and is characterized by severe reduction of immunoglobulin serum levels and impaired antibody production in response to vaccines and pathogens. Beyond the susceptibility to infections, CVID encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations related to a complex immune dysregulation that also affects liver. Although about 50% CVID patients present persistently deranged liver function, burden, and nature of liver involvement have not been systematically investigated in most cohort studies published in the last decades. Therefore, the prevalence of liver disease in CVID widely varies depending on the study design and the sampling criteria. This review seeks to summarize the evidence about the most relevant causes of liver involvement in CVID, including nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH), infections and malignancies. We also describe the clinical features of liver disease in some monogenic forms of PID included in the clinical spectrum of CVID as ICOS, NFKB1, NFKB2, CTLA-4, PI3Kδ pathway, ADA2, and IL21-R genetic defects. Finally, we discuss the clinical applications of the various diagnostic tools and the possible therapeutic approaches for the management of liver involvement in the context of CVID.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.