ArticleScientific reports2020
Temporal association between zolpidem medication and the risk of suicide: A 12-year population-based, retrospective cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association of Zolpidem and Suicidality in Psychiatric Outpatients With Insomnia.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Greener and whiter analytical method development and validation for determining the presence of zolpidem tartrate infused in apple juice using RP-HPLCRSC advances · 2024Article
- Drug Safety and Suicidality Risk of Chronic Pain Medications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparing the Effects of Melatonin and Zolpidem on Mental Health and Sexual Function in Men With Opioid Addiction: Evidence From a Randomized Clinical Trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Prescription medications for insomnia are associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in two nationally representative samples.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There have been concerns about abuse and unnecessary chronic administration of zolpidem, and zolpidem's relation to suicide risk. To investigate the temporal association of zolpidem with the risk of suicide, we conducted a 12-year, population-based, retrospective cohort study on the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC), South Korea. Data were collected from 2002 to 2013 from the NHIS-NSC, and data cleaning was performed for 1,125,691 subjects. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation over time between zolpidem medication and suicide. Over intervals commencing after 80 months of observation, the adjusted hazard ratio of suicides associated with the use of the zolpidem was 2.01 (95% CI: 1.58-2.56; p < 0.001). The mean cumulative number of days of zolpidem prescription was significantly longer in the suicide group than in the non-suicide group after log-transformation (p = 0.005). Cases of chronic use of zolpidem (over six months or one year) were significantly more common in the suicide group compared to the non-suicide group (p = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively). Subjects who received zolpidem medication had a significantly higher risk of suicide after at least 80 months of observation, suggesting a long-term increased suicide risk associated with insomnia exposed to zolpidem medication.
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