ArticlemSystems2020
Consumption of Fermented Foods Is Associated with Systematic Differences in the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome.
Article in mSystems, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-omics time-series analysis in microbiome research: a systematic review.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Pooled it
- A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- A meta-analysis study of the robustness and universality of gut microbiome-metabolome associations.Microbiome · 2021Pooled it
- Colonization Ability and Impact on Human Gut Microbiota of Foodborne Microbes From Traditional or Probiotic-Added Fermented Foods: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The impact of regular sauerkraut consumption on the human gut microbiota: a crossover intervention trial.Microbiome · 2025Trial
- The Efficacy of Cheonggukjang in Alleviating Menopausal Syndrome and Its Effects on the Gut Microbiome: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Modulating the human gut microbiome and health markers through kombucha consumption: a controlled clinical study.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Feed your microbes to deal with stress: a psychobiotic diet impacts microbial stability and perceived stress in a healthy adult population.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Fermented food microbiome: influence on oral and gut microbiota, and human health.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Fermented Foods, Functional Nutrition, and Maternal Gut Microbiota During Pregnancy: Molecular Mechanisms and the Maternal-Infant Microbiome Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Plasma metabolites, dietary intakes, and breast cancer incidence: a prospective case-cohort study in NutriNet-Santé.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Fermented Fish Products: A Comprehensive Overview of Traditional Processing Techniques, Varieties, and Their Health Benefits.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Diet-microbiome associations in 10,068 individuals from the Human Phenotype Project to guide personalized nutrition.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- An inventory of selected Nigerian fermented foods: enhancing the trajectory of sustainable development goals.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Culturally acceptable fermented grain may improve gut health in South African postpartum mothers in a randomised trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- From Probiotics to Postbiotics-An Update on Their Biotherapeutic Potential and the Emerging Strategies in Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Structural and Metabolic Remodeling of Mixed Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Wheat Germ and Its In Vitro and In Vivo Digestive Stability.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, such as diet, strongly influence the structure, diversity, and composition of the microbiome. While we have witnessed over the last several years a resurgence of interest in fermented foods, no study has specifically explored the effects of their consumption on gut microbiota in large cohorts. To assess whether the consumption of fermented foods is associated with a systematic signal in the gut microbiome and metabolome, we used a multi-omic approach (16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and untargeted mass spectrometry) to analyze stool samples from 6,811 individuals from the American Gut Project, including 115 individuals specifically recruited for their frequency of fermented food consumption for a targeted 4-week longitudinal study. We observed subtle but statistically significant differences between consumers and nonconsumers in beta diversity as well as differential taxa between the two groups. We found that the metabolome of fermented food consumers was enriched with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a putatively health-promoting molecule. Cross-omic analyses between metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry suggest that CLA may be driven by taxa associated with fermented food consumers. Collectively, we found modest yet persistent signatures associated with fermented food consumption that appear present in multiple -omic types which motivate further investigation of how different types of fermented food impact the gut microbiome and overall health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.