ArticleTobacco control2021
Association of initial e-cigarette and other tobacco product use with subsequent cigarette smoking in adolescents: a cross-sectional, matched control study.
Article in Tobacco control, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electronic cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking in young people: A systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Critical Analysis of Longitudinal Studies Assessing Effect of E-Cigarettes on Cigarette Initiation among Adolescent Never-Smokers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Association between age at first reported e-cigarette use and subsequent regular e-cigarette, ever cigarette and regular cigarette use.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Do youth e-cigarette users perceive smoking as attractive? The dynamics of demographics and contextual factors.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Unreliable evidence from problematic risk of bias assessments: Comment on Begh et al., 'Electronic cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking in young people: A systematic review'.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Potential impact of e-cigarettes on life-years lost from conventional smoking in Ukraine, a replication study.Central European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Modeling the Impact of Vaping: What We Need to Know and Which Methods to Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Network analysis of smoking-related sleep characteristics in Chinese adults.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Traditional Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Poland: Analysis of Sociodemographic Risk Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Trends in vaping and smoking following the rise of disposable e-cigarettes: a repeat cross-sectional study in England between 2016 and 2023.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Association of Electronic Cigarette Usage with the Subsequent Initiation of Combustible Cigarette Smoking among Dental Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Longitudinal Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- First experience with nicotine products and transition to regular tobacco use: a secondary data analysis in 28 European countries.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Review
- Nicotine-Friend or Foe? The Complex Interplay Between Its Role in Dependence, Harm Reduction, and Risk Communication.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Exploring the gateway hypothesis of e-cigarettes and tobacco: a prospective replication study among adolescents in the Netherlands and Flanders.Tobacco control · 2023Article
- First tobacco product tried and current use of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes among adolescents from Guatemala City.Salud publica de Mexico · 2023Article
- The Potential Impact of E-cigarettes on the Life-Years Lost from Conventional Smoking in the Russian Federation.Journal of consumer policy · 2023Article
- Electronic Cigarettes: A Pro-Con Review of the Current Literature.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Review
- A Decision-Theoretic Public Health Framework for Heated Tobacco and Nicotine Vaping Products.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Association of e-Cigarette Advertising, Parental Influence, and Peer Influence With US Adolescent e-Cigarette Use.JAMA network open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study assessed whether initiating e-cigarette use increases the uptake of cigarette smoking in US adolescents compared with behavioural and synthetic controls.
methodsData come from 78 265 adolescents in the National Youth Tobacco Survey (2014-2017) of whom 38 630 provided information about the first tobacco product they had used in 2014/15. Ever, past 30 day and established (30 day use and 100+ lifetime cigarettes) cigarette smoking was compared in adolescents who first used an e-cigarette (exposure group), a non-cigarette combustible (CT) or other non-combustible tobacco (NT) product (behavioural controls), and propensity score matched adolescents without initial e-cigarette use (synthetic controls).
resultsRelative to behavioural controls, adolescents who tried e-cigarettes first were less likely to have ever smoked cigarettes (26% vs CT (42.4%; OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.57), or NT initiators (52.7%; OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.39)), to be past 30 day (6% vs CT (11.9%; OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.62), or NT initiators (20.0%; OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.35)) or be established cigarette smokers (0.7% vs CT (3.9%; OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.30), or NT initiators (8.4%; OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.13)). E-cigarette initiators were also less likely than synthetic controls (without initial e-cigarette use) to have ever smoked cigarettes (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.93), be past 30 day (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.91) or be established cigarette smokers (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.51).
conclusionLess than 1% of US adolescents who use e-cigarettes first were established cigarette smokers. They were less likely to be smokers than adolescents who tried other combustible or non-combustible tobacco products first and propensity score matched adolescents without initial e-cigarette use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.