ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2020
Post-traumatic stress disorder and association with low birth weight in displaced population following conflict in Malakand division, Pakistan: a case control study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of disasters on maternal mental health: a systematic review.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between PTSD and pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and Meta- analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Prenatal maternal posttraumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for adverse birth weight and gestational age outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Evidence of reduced birthweight in Ukraine following the Russian invasion.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as Important Risk Factors for Gestational Metabolic Dysfunction.American journal of perinatology · 2024Review
- Article
- Prevalence of perinatal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Women's Concerns and Experiences of Fetal Anomaly Screening Process: A Qualitative Study.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2023Article
- The Changing Climate and Pregnancy Health.Current environmental health reports · 2022Review
- Impact of COVID-19 on Women Who Are Refugees and Mothering: A Critical Ethnographic Study.Global qualitative nursing researchArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe northern part of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan experienced armed conflict since September 2007 till the autumn of 2011. Conflict involved widespread insurgency activity and military intervention including in 2009 internally displacing the 2.5 million people of the valley of Swat to live in camps, with relatives, or in rented accommodation across the region for approximately 4 months. It was during this period the current study was conducted to determine whether Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in pregnant women was independently associated with Low Birth Weight (LBW) in an area affected by conflict and militancy.
methodsA case control study was conducted in tertiary care hospitals of district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Two hundred twenty-five cases (neonates with birth weight < 2.5 kg) and 225 controls (neonates with birth weight of > 2.5 kg) were enrolled within 24 h of delivery. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was assessed through the MINI Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0, a validated questionnaire along with the birth weight of the newborn. Maternal anthropometry, anemia and other sociodemographic details were also obtained during data collection. Data was analyzed using statistical package (STATA version 14). Logistic regression analysis of the association between LBW and all variables collected with a p-value of < 0.25 on uni-variate analysis were entered.
resultsA total of 450 newborn and mother pairs participated in the study with 225 cases and 225 controls. On univariate analysis factors significantly associated with LBW include: less than 5 years of paternal schooling and PTSD. On logistic regression, PTSD was independently associated with low birth weight in the presence of other factors like maternal/paternal schooling, gravida, history of preterm, BMI of the mother and maternal anemia.
conclusionPTSD was found to be independently associated with LBW. In light of the current findings and other similar literature, intervention programs should be considered for pregnant women exposed to traumatic events.
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