ReviewMolecular metabolism2020
Mechanisms of insulin resistance related to white, beige, and brown adipocytes.
Review in Molecular metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 241 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise modalities for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: comparative effects on visceral fat, metabolism, and inflammatory markers from a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Molecular and Functional Impairment of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (ASCs) and Interferon Gamma Priming for Enhanced Diabetic ASC-Based Therapy.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Regulatory T cells establish an IL-10-IL10Rα immunometabolic checkpoint that limits HSL activation and lipolysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tetherin enforces an immunometabolic checkpoint that coordinates glycolytic and interferon signaling in adipocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- From Transcriptional Reprogramming to Fat Quality Improvement: DietaryAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Illuminating Glucose: How to Unveil Organ-Specific Insulin Resistance and Guide Metabolic Strategies in Diabetes.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Review
- Male obesity causes adipose mitochondrial dysfunction in FNature communications · 2026Article
- Personalized Nutrition Through the Gut Microbiome in Metabolic Syndrome and Related Comorbidities.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Chaihu-Wendan Decoction alleviates obesity through PTEN-mediated uncoupling of metabolic signaling and macrophage activation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Effects of Resveratrol on Browning and Insulin Signaling in Primary Murine Adipocytes: Modulation by Sex and Diabetic Status.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Characterization of Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Secretion Using a CD63-GFP Reporter Mouse Model In Vivo and In Vitro.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025Article
- Hypoglycemic mechanism of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction based on regulating the expression and DNA methylation of cholesterol transporters in the adipose tissue of type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2025Article
- Discovery of placental microRNAs associated with maternal insulin sensitivity during pregnancy.Placenta · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus mRNA-sequencing reveals dynamics of lipogenic and thermogenic adipocyte populations in murine brown adipose tissue in response to cold exposure.Molecular metabolism · 2025Article
- High fat diet exacerbated glycolipid metabolism disorder in kidney Yang deficiency rats by interfering with IRS 1-PI3K (p85) -Akt-GLUT 4 pathway.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Elevated serum METRNL levels in children with obesity and its association with insulin resistance.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- New Perspectives on Nutraceutical Insulin Sensitizing Agents in the Treatment of Psoriasis and Other Dermatological Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to insulin resistance in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe diminished glucose lowering effect of insulin in obesity, called "insulin resistance," is associated with glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes, and other serious maladies. Many publications on this topic have suggested numerous hypotheses on the molecular and cellular disruptions that contribute to the syndrome. However, significant uncertainty remains on the mechanisms of its initiation and long-term maintenance. SCOPE OF REVIEW: To simplify insulin resistance analysis, this review focuses on the unifying concept that adipose tissue is a central regulator of systemic glucose homeostasis by controlling liver and skeletal muscle metabolism. Key aspects of adipose function related to insulin resistance reviewed are: 1) the modes by which specific adipose tissues control hepatic glucose output and systemic glucose disposal, 2) recently acquired understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these modes of regulation, and 3) the steps in these pathways adversely affected by obesity that cause insulin resistance. MAJOR
conclusionsAdipocyte heterogeneity is required to mediate the multiple pathways that control systemic glucose tolerance. White adipocytes specialize in sequestering triglycerides away from the liver, muscle, and other tissues to limit toxicity. In contrast, brown/beige adipocytes are very active in directly taking up glucose in response to β adrenergic signaling and insulin and enhancing energy expenditure. Nonetheless, white, beige, and brown adipocytes all share the common feature of secreting factors and possibly exosomes that act on distant tissues to control glucose homeostasis. Obesity exerts deleterious effects on each of these adipocyte functions to cause insulin resistance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.