ReviewJournal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics2020
The Immunological Basis of Dry Eye Disease and Current Topical Treatment Options.
Review in Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of corneal perforations in dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines on clinical approach, diagnosis, and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Corneal lymphangiogenesis as a potential target in dry eye disease - a systematic review.Survey of ophthalmologyPooled it
- Trial
- Aqueous Humour Ofloxacin Concentration after Topical Instillation in Patients with Dry Eye Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Trial
- Cyclosporine A (0.05%) Ophthalmic Gel in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Masked, Phase III, COSMO Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Trial
- Immune inflammatory targets and anti-inflammatory therapy in dry eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Limited Efficacy of Autologous Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Injections in Immunomodulatory-Dependent Dogs With Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye Disease.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Pathological mechanisms of Sjögren's disease-related dry eye: from multiglandular dysfunction to ocular surface inflammation.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Exosome-based therapies for corneal disorders: current status and future perspectives.MedScience · 2026Review
- Natural Products Targeting Immune Mechanisms in Ocular Inflammation: Uveitis and Dry Eye.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- A liposomal formulation of cyclosporine a shows promising results in treating symptoms of moderate to severe dry eye disease in dogs.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Self-polymerized polyphenol-based platform for the management of dry eye pathogenesis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Ocular Surface Microbiota-Derived Lipoteichoic Acid Promotes Dry Eye Disease by Inducing Corneal Inflammation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- The effects of vitamin d replacement therapy on ocular surface health in children with vitamin d deficiency.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- UCMSC-derived exosomes ameliorate dry eye disease pathogenesis by modulating neutrophils on Th17/Treg balance.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Management of Dry Eye Disease Pre- and Post-Cataract Surgery: A Personalized Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Molecular landscape connecting complications of dry eye disease: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and future innovations.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Computational pharmacovigilance of Lifitegrast in dry eye disease using machine learning and network toxicology.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Advances in dry eye disease: from immunopathological mechanisms to emerging ophthalmic drug delivery systems.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Homeostasis of the lacrimal functional unit is needed to ensure a well-regulated ocular immune response comprising innate and adaptive phases. When the ocular immune system is excessively stimulated and/or immunoregulatory mechanisms are disrupted, the balance between innate and adaptive phases is dysregulated and chronic ocular surface inflammation can result, leading to chronic dry eye disease (DED). According to the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II definition, DED is a multifactorial disorder of the ocular surface characterized by impairment and loss of tear homeostasis (hyperosmolarity), ocular discomfort or pain, and neurosensory abnormalities. Dysregulated ocular immune responses result in ocular surface damage, which is a further contributing factor to DED pathology. Several therapeutics are available to break the vicious circle of DED and prevent chronic disease and progression, including immunosuppressive agents (steroids) and immunomodulators (cyclosporine and lifitegrast). Given the chronic inflammatory nature of DED, each of these agents is commonly used in clinical practice. In this study, we review the immunopathology of DED and the molecular and cellular actions of current topical DED therapeutics to inform clinical decision making.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.