ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2020
Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Fungi and Bacteria in Brain Tissue.
Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease: From Gene to Clinic: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Is Periodontitis Associated with Age-Related Cognitive Impairment? The Systematic Review, Confounders Assessment and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- The underexplored mycobiome: insights from Drosophila into human health and disease.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Role of Microbial Toxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights and Future Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Translocation of bacteria from the gut to the brain in mice.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Disseminated coccidioidomycosis with cutaneous, pulmonary and suspected CNS involvement in an elderly patient with Parkinson's disease.BMJ case reports · 2025Article
- Specific Intratumoral Microbiome Signatures in Human Glioblastoma and Meningioma: Evidence for a Gut-Brain Microbial Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Interplay of constipation, intestinal barrier dysfunction and fungal exposome in aetiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease: hypothesis with supportive data.The Biochemical journal · 2025Article
- Parkinson's Disease and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Metabolites, Mechanisms, and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies Targeting the Gut Microbiota.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis in Huntington's disease: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.The FEBS journal · 2025Review
- Toll-1-dependent immune evasion induced by fungal infection leads to cell loss in the Drosophila brain.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Sulfate reducing bacteria induce α-synuclein in intestinal and neuronal cells and tissues and inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase in neuronal cells.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- From Skin and Gut to the Brain: The Infectious Journey of the Human Commensal Fungus Malassezia and Its Neurological Consequences.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- The gut microbiota influences neurodegenerative diseases through the gut-brain axis: molecular mechanisms and effects on immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Schizophrenia-associated alterations in fecal mycobiota and systemic immune dysfunction: a cohort study of elderly Chinese patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Detection of fungal sequences in human brain: rDNA locus amplification and deep sequencing.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Oral fungal dysbiosis and systemic immune dysfunction in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- The Interaction Between Nutraceuticals and Gut Microbiota: a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Prevent and Treatment Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Enhanced visualization of nuclear staining and cell cycle analysis for the human commensal Malassezia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor disorders and the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. In addition to motor disability, many patients with PD present a spectrum of clinical symptoms, including cognitive decline, psychiatric alterations, loss of smell and bladder dysfunction, among others. Neuroinflammation is one of the most salient features of PD, but the nature of the trigger remains unknown. A plausible mechanism to explain inflammation and the range of clinical symptoms in these patients is the presence of systemic microbial infection. Accordingly, the present study provides extensive evidence for the existence of mixed microbial infections in the central nervous system (CNS) of patients with PD. Assessment of CNS sections by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies revealed the presence of both fungi and bacteria. Moreover, different regions of the CNS were positive for a variety of microbial morphologies, suggesting infection by a number of microorganisms. Identification of specific fungal and bacterial species in different CNS regions from six PD patients was accomplished using nested PCR analysis and next-generation sequencing, providing compelling evidence of polymicrobial infections in the CNS of PD. Most of the fungal species identified belong to the genera
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.