ArticlePediatric obesity2020
Maternal antibiotic use and vaginal infections in the third trimester of pregnancy and the risk of obesity in preschool children.
Article in Pediatric obesity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of risk factors for the development of obesity in preschool children: a logistic model analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Intestinal dysbiosis during pregnancy and microbiota-associated impairments in offspring.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2025Review
- Perinatal Hypoxia and Immune System Activation in Schizophrenia Pathogenesis: Critical Considerations During COVID-19 Pandemic.Physiological research · 2024Review
- Effect of intraoperative cell salvage on coagulation function outcomes in patients with massive post-Cesarean section hemorrhage.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Maternal Microbiome and Infections in Pregnancy.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Maternal antibiotic use and vaginal infections in the third trimester of pregnancy and the risk of obesity in preschool children.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesSeveral exposures during pregnancy are associated with offspring body mass index (BMI). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether third trimester antibiotic use and vaginal infections are associated with BMI in preschool children. SUBJECTS/
methodsThe study population included singletons from the NINFEA birth cohort with available anthropometric measurements at the age of 4 (3151 born with vaginal and 1111 born with caesarean delivery). Self-reported use of antibiotics and the presence of vaginal infection in the third trimester were analysed in association with the child's BMI, classified into three categories: thinness, normal and overweight/obesity, using both the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended cut-offs.
resultsMaternal vaginal infections in the third trimester of pregnancy were associated with higher relative risk ratios (RRR) for overweight/obesity at age of four in children delivered vaginally: 1.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37 to 2.70). This association appeared stronger for children born to women with pre-pregnancy BMI >25 kg/m
conclusionsMaternal third trimester vaginal infections are associated with an increased overweight/obesity risk in children born by vaginal delivery, and especially in children of mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.